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GCSE Biology > spread of disease > Flashcards

spread of disease Flashcards

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1
Q

4 types of pathogens

A

bacteria
virus
fungi
protist

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2
Q

how do viruses work

A

live and produce rapidly inside cells

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3
Q

how does bacteria work

A

produce toxins

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4
Q

how is the measles spread

A

inhalation of droplets

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5
Q

how is HIV spread

A

exchange of bodily fluids

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6
Q

how is TMV spread

A

vectors, soil, direct contact

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7
Q

how is rose black spot spread

A

water and wind

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8
Q

what type of pathogen is rose black spot

A

fungi

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9
Q

symptoms of rose black spot

A

black spots on leaves

reduces ability to photosynthesise

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10
Q

how can you prevent rose black spot

A

fungicides
burn affected leaves

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11
Q

what type of pathogen is malaria

A

protist

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12
Q

how is malaria spread

A

vectors (mosquitoes)

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13
Q

symptoms of malaria

A

recurrent episodes of fever

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14
Q

how can you prevent malaria

A

mosquito nets, vaccine

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15
Q

how can you treat malaria

A

anti malarial medicine

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16
Q

symptoms of salmonella

A

fever, vomiting

17
Q

how is salmonella prevented

A

poultry is vaccinated against it

18
Q

what type of pathogen is gonorrhoea

A

bacteria

19
Q

symptoms of gonorrhoea

A

pain when urinating and thick yellow discharge

20
Q

how can you treat gonorrhoea

A

antibiotics

21
Q

how can you prevent gonorrhoea

A

condoms

22
Q

symptoms of measles

A

fever, red rash

23
Q

symptoms of HIV

A

flu like

24
Q

symptoms of TMV

A

mosaic pattern of discolouration on leaves

25
Q

signs that a plant is diseased

A

stunted growth, pests, discolouration

26
Q

communicable disease

A

can be transmitted from one organism to another

27
Q

how can pathogens spread

A

air, water, direct contact

28
Q

how can you control spread of communicable diseases (4)

A

good hygiene
isolating infected individuals
controlling vectors
vaccination

29
Q

how can cause of a plant disease be identified

A

gardening manuals, lab tests, monoclonal antibody kits

30
Q

physical defences of plants (3)

A

cellulose cell walls
tough waxy cuticle
bark on trees

31
Q

chemical barriers on plants

A

antibacterial chemicals produced
poison production

32
Q

mechanical adaptations of plant defences

A

thorns (stop animals eating plants)
some plants mimic being ill

33
Q

pathogen

A

microorganism that causes disease

34
Q

2 ways to culture bacteria

A

nutrient broth

agar gel plate

GCSE Biology (26 decks)

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