The HAND

Question 1

What does the 1st carpometacarpal joint involve?

Answer 1

Trapezium and first metacarpal

Question 2

What movements does the thumb make?

Answer 2

• Extension
• flexion
• opposition
• abduction
• adduction

Question 3

what are the 3 hypothenar muscles?

Answer 3

• abductor digiti minimi (outside)
• flexor digiti minimi brevis (inside)
• opponens digiti minimi (deep)

Question 4

what nerve supplies the 3 hypothenar muscles?

Answer 4

Ulnar nerve

Question 5

What are the 3 thenar muscles?

Answer 5

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

Question 6

what nerve supplies the 3 thenar muscles?

Answer 6

Recurrent branch of median nerve

Question 7

what muscle is responsible for adduction of the thumb?

Answer 7

Adductor pollicis

Question 8

what is the nerve supply of adductor pollicis

Answer 8

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

Question 9

Where do the lumbricals originate from and insert?

Answer 9

1st :
Origin = Radial side of 2nd digit tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
Inserts = index finger

2nd:
Origin = Radial side of 3rd digit tendon of flexor digitorum profundus.
Inserts = middle finger

3rd:
Origin head 1 = Ulnar side of 3rd finger tendon
Origin head 2 = Radial side of 4th finger tendon.
Insertion = Ring finger

4th :
Origin head 1 = Ulnar side of 4th finger tendon
Origin head 2 = Radial side of 5th finger tendon
Insertion = little finger

Question 10

What are the actions of the lumbricals?

Answer 10

Flex metacarpophalangeal joint

Extend interphalangeal joint

Question 11

what is the innervation of the lumbricals?

Answer 11

1st and 2nd lumbricals = MEDIAN NERVE

3rd and 4th lumbricals = deep branch of ULNAR nerve

Question 12

what do the the dorsal interossei muscles do?

Answer 12

ABDUCT

Question 13

What do the palmar interossei muscles do?

Answer 13

ADDUCT

Question 14

what are the positions of the palmar interrosei?

Answer 14

1st :
Medial side of 2nd metacarpal

*middle finger has no palmar interossei

2nd:
lateral side of 4th metacarpal

3rd:
lateral side of 5th metacarpal

Question 15

Which muscle abducts digit 5?

Answer 15

Abductor digiti minimi

Question 16

what is the nerve supply of abductor digiti minimi

Answer 16

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

Question 17

Where do the blood supply to the digits originate?

Answer 17

superficial palmar arch

Question 18

What parts of the hand are supplied by the ulnar nerve?

Answer 18

PALM of hand:

• sensory to digits half of 4 and 5 (palm side)
• hypothenar muscles (abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi)
• 3rd and 4th lumbricals
• all 7 interossei
• adductor pollicis

DORSUM of hand:
- sensory to half of digits 4 and 5 (dorsal side)

Question 19

What parts of the hand are supplied by the radial nerve?

Answer 19

sensory to dorsal side of thumb and digits 2, 3 and half of 4. (only up to the distal interphalangeal joint)

Question 20

What parts of the hand are supplied by the median nerve?

Answer 20

Sensory to skin of palmar/ dorsal aspect of thumb, digits 2, 3, and half of 4
thenar muscles
lumbricals 1 and 2

Question 21

What are the nerves acting on the flexors of the wrist?

Answer 21

Median and Ulnar nerves

Question 22

What are the nerves acting on the extensors of the wrist ?

Answer 22

Radial

Question 23

What structures pass through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 23

1) Median nerve
2) Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus / superficialis
3) flexor polliicis longus tendon

Question 24

Whats the nerve supply of the intrinsic muscles of the hand?

Answer 24

All supplied by the ulnar nerve.

EXCEPT
Median nerve supplies
1st and 2nd Lumbricals
and thenar muscles

Question 25

What are the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 25

1) Pins and needles in areas supplied by median nerve
2) weakness of thumb and atrophy of thenar muscles
3) inability to oppose thumb

Question 26

What muscles are supplied by the ulnar nerve?

Answer 26

• hypothenar muscles
• adductor pollicid
• Interossei
• Lumbricals 4 + 5

Question 27

What does compression of the ulnar nerve at the wrist cause?

Answer 27

• Handlebar neuropathy.
• clawing of 4th and 5th fingers
• Interosseous atrophy

Question 28

What fracture does tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox indicate?

Answer 28

Scaphoid fracture

Question 29

Why is the scaphoid bone the most likely to fracture from a fall on an outstretched hand?

Answer 29

It has a narrow waist

Question 30

Colles Fracture

Answer 30

fracture of distal end of radius