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Anatomy of the upper limb > Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle > Flashcards

Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the origins of the Trapezius muscle?

A

Upper fibres =

  • External Occipital Protruberance,
  • Superior nuchal line,
  • Ligamentum nachae,
  • Spinous process of C7

Middle fibres =
-Spinous process of T1 - T5 vertebra

Lower fibres =
-Spinous process of T6-T12 vertebra

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2
Q

What are the INSERTIONS of Trapezius muscles?

A

Upper fibres =

  • Lateral 1/3 of Clavicle
  • Acromion Process

Middle fibres =
-Lateral 2/3 of superior border of SPINE of SCAPULA

Lower fibres =
-Medial 1/3 of spine of scapula

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3
Q

What do the upper, middle and lower muscle fibres of Trapezius do?

A

Upper : Elevates the scapula
Middle : Retract the scapula
Lower : Depress the scapula

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4
Q

What is the nerve supply of trapezius?

A

Motor : Accessory nerve CNXI

Sensory : anterior rami of C3 and C4

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5
Q

Where does latissimus dorsi attach on the skeleton?

A

Intertubercular groove (bicipital groove) of the Humerus

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6
Q

What are the actions of latissimus dorsi?

A
  • Extension
  • adduction
  • flexion from extended position
  • Medial / internal rotation of shoulder joint
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7
Q

What are the origins of Levator Scapulae?

A

Origin = Transverse process of C1 - C4

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8
Q

What are the insertions of Levator Scapulae?

A

Insertion = Medial border of scapula, superior to level of spine.

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9
Q

What are the origins of Rhomboid Minor?

A

Origins =

-Spinous process of C7 to T1 vertebra

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10
Q

What are the insertions of Rhomboid Minor?

A

Insertions =

-medial border of scapula, at the level of the spine of the scapula.

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11
Q

What is the nerve supply of Rhomboid MINOR?

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

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12
Q

What is the origin of Rhomboid MAJOR?

A

-Spinous process of T2 - T5

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13
Q

What are the insertions of Rhomboid MAJOR?

A

Medial border of scapula, inferior to the level of the spine of the scapula

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14
Q

What is the nerve supply of Rhomboid MAJOR?

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

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15
Q

What is the nerve supply of Levator Scapulae?

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

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16
Q

What is the function of Rhomboid Major and Minor?

A

Retract scapula medially and superiorly, used to square shoulders.

17
Q

what happens if the long thoracic nerve is damage?

A

winged scapula

18
Q

What causes winged scapula?

A

damage to the long thoracic nerve

19
Q

What is painful arc syndrome?

A

It is caused by calcific bursitis. Typically develops in males >50years. Caused by inflammation.
Pain during 50-130’ of abduction.

20
Q

In what direction do 95% of shoulder dislocations occur in?

A

Anteroinferior direction counts for 95% of all shoulder dislocation.

21
Q

Inferior dislocation of the shoulder can cause damage to what nerve?

A

Axillary nerve can be damages in an inferior shoulder dislocation

22
Q

How does a patient with axillary damage usually present?

A

Deltoid atrophy.

Area of anaesthesi on arm at poroximal region of humerus.

23
Q

What are the nerve roots of the musculocutaneous branch of the brachial plexus?

A

C5-C7

24
Q

What are the nerve roots of the median nerve?

A

C6-T1

25
Q

What are the nerve roots of the ulnar nerve?

A

C7-T1

26
Q

What are the nerve roots of the axillary nerve

A

C5-C6

27
Q

Radial nerve roots

A

C5-T1

28
Q

What muscle initiates abduction of the shoulder joint?

A

supraspinatus

29
Q

What muscle is known as the power abductor of the shoulder joint?

A

Deltoid

30
Q

What can impair abduction of the shoulder joint?

A

1) Supraspinatus paralyzation caused by damage to suprascapular nerve (C5,6)
2) Deltoid paralyzation caused by axillary nerve (C5,6) damage. e.g shoulder dislocation or fracture of surgical neck of humerus

31
Q

Fracture of the neck of humerus can damage what nerve?

A

Axillary (C5,6)

32
Q

What are the contents of the quadrangular space?

A

1) Axillary nerve

2) Posterior circumflex humeral atery and vein

33
Q

What is Quadrangular Space Syndrom?

A

Transient blockage of the posterior cirmflex artery and axillary nerve. Presents with shoulder pain and paraesthesia down arm. uncommon condition.

Anatomy of the upper limb (18 decks)

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