Elbow joint Flashcards
What is the thin sheet of fibrous tissue that connects the radius and Ulna called?
Interosseus membrane or Radio Ulnar syndemosis (fibres run down from radius to ulna)
What are the articular surfaces of the bones involved in flexion/extension in the elbow joint?
- Trochlear notch of the ulna
- trochlea of humerus
- head of radius
- capitulum of humerus
What is the articular surfaces of the bones involved in pronation and supination in the elbow joint?
- Head of radius
- Radial notch of Ulna
What structures lie in the delto-pectoral girdle?
Cephali Vein -
(passes between the deltoid and pec major muscles and through the triangle. It empties into the axillary vein. The cephalic vein runs laterally to the radius.)
What is the origin of Pectoralis Major?
- clavicular head
- medial 1/2 of clavicle
- sternocostal head
What is the insertion of Pectoralis Major?
Lateral lip of the bicipital groove (intertubercular groove) of humerus
What is the action of Pectoralis Major?
- flexion of humerus
- extension of humerus
- adducts
- medial rotation
- protraction of scapula
- retraction of scapula
What is the nerve supply of pectoralis major?
- Lateral Pectoral Nerve
- Medial Pectoral Nerve
What is the origin of Pectoralis MINOR?
-3rd to 5th Ribs (near costal margin)
What is the insertion of Pectoralis MINOR?
Corocoid process of scapula
What is the innervation of Pectoralis MINOR?
Medial Pectoral nerve (C8, T1)
What is the origin of serratus anterior?
Ribs 1 - 8
What is the insertion of serratus anterior?
Medial border of scapula
What is the nerve supply of serratus anterior?
Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
What is the function of serratus anterior?
holds scapula against thoracic wall
What is the origin of subclavius?
first rib
What is the insertion of subclavius?
subclavian groove of clavicle
what is the nerve supply of subclavius?
subclavian nerve
What would happen if the nerve supply of the serratus anterior was damaged?
Innervation of serratus anterior is the Long Thoracic Nerve.
It would cause winged scapula.
What prevents hyperextension of the elbow
olecranon fossa
What is bursitis of Elbow
Olecranon bursa protects the olecranon process of ulna.
repeated pressure causes swelling of bursa`
Why is the radius more prone to subluxation or dislocation in childhood?
the annular ligament is relatively weak in childhood
Dislocation caused by swinging child by arms
what is nursemaids elbow
subluxation or dislocation of the radius caused by weak annular ligament in children
What are the 2 sites of epicondylitis?
1) Golfer’s elbow : medial epicondyle
2) Tennis elbow : lateral epicondyle
What is avulsion of the medial epicondyle?
medial epicondyle breaks away from humerus. Ulnar nerve is at risk
What nerve is most commonly affected by a humeral surgical neck fracture?
Axillary nerve
What nerve is most commonly affected by a humeral shaft fracture?
Radius
What is at risk with a supracondylar fracture?
Median nerve and brachial artery
