The halogens Flashcards
What is the colour and state of fluorine at room temperature?
Pale yellow gas
What is the colour and state of chorine at room temperature?
Pale greenish gas
What is the colour and state of bromine at room temperature?
Red/brown liquid
What is the colour and state of iodine at room temperature?
Black solid
Why is fluorine an exception to many trends in group 7?
F-F bond is unexpectedly weak because the small size of the fluorine atom leads to repulsion between e- because they are so close together
Explain the trend in atomic radius down group 7
Increases due to more shells
Explain the trend in electronegativity down group 7
Decreases:
- Atomic radius increases as shielding increases
- Distance between positive nucleus and negative e- decreases
- Weaker FoA so less energy required to remove outer e-
Explain the trend in mpt/bpt down group 7
Increases:
- Larger atoms so more e-
- More vdW forces BtM
Which is more volatile, chlorine or iodine?
Chlorine
Lower bpt = more volatile
Which of the first 4 halogens is the best oxidising agent?
Fluorine
Which of the first 4 halogens is the best reducing agent?
Iodine
Why is iodine a better reducing agent than chlorine?
Less electronegative so more likely to give e- away
What happens in a displacement reaction between a halogen and a metal halide in a solution?
The halide in the compound will be displaced by a more reactive halogen, but not by a less reactive one
Can chlorine displace a bromide ion?
Yes
Can iodine displace a bromide ion?
No