Organic reactions Flashcards
Alkene —-> haloalkane
Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions
Mechanism: electrophilic additon
Reagents: HBr/HCl
Conditions: RT
Alkene —-> dihaloalkane
Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions
Mechanism: electrophilic addition
Reagents: Br2/Cl2
Conditions: RT
Alkene —-> alcohol
Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions
(2 step process)
- Electrophilic addition
H2SO4
RT
- Hydrolysis
water and high temp
Alkene —-> poly(alkene)
What conditions are required?
high pressure
cataylst
Haloalkane —-> alcohol
Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions
Mechanism: Nucleophilic substitution
Reagent: KOH(aq)
Conditions: Heat under reflux
Alkane —-> haloalkane
Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions
Mechanism: free radical substitution
Reagents: Br2/Cl2
Conditions: UV light
Haloalkane —-> nitrile
Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions
Mechanism: nucleophilic substitution
Reagents: KCN in ethanol
Conditions: heat under reflux
Haloalkane —-> primary amine
Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions
Mechanism: nucleopilic substitution
Reagents: excess NH3 in ethanol
Conditions: heat under pressure
Nitrile —-> primary amine
What is the type of reaction and what conditions are required?
Reduction
LiAlH4 in ether
1° amine —-> 2° —-> 3° —-> quaternary ammonium salt
Nucleophilic substitution
NH3
Primary amine —-> secondary amide
Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions
Mechanism: Nucleophilic addition-elimination
Reagents: acyl chloride
Conditions: RT
Primary alcohol —-> aldehyde
Name the type of reaction, reagents and conditions
Oxidation
Reagent/ox agent: acidified potassium dichromate
Conditions: heat and distil
Secondary alcohol —-> ketone
Oxidation
Acidified potassium dichromate
High temp
Primary alcohol —-> carboxylic acid
Oxidation
Acidified potassium dichromate in excess
Heat under reflux
Aldehyde/ketone —-> hydroxynitrile
Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions
Mechanism: nucleophilic addition
Reagents: NaCN and dilute HCl
Conditions: RT
