Organic reactions Flashcards

1
Q

Alkene —-> haloalkane

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: electrophilic additon

Reagents: HBr/HCl

Conditions: RT

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2
Q

Alkene —-> dihaloalkane

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: electrophilic addition

Reagents: Br2/Cl2

Conditions: RT

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3
Q

Alkene —-> alcohol

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

(2 step process)

A
  1. Electrophilic addition

H2SO4

RT

  1. Hydrolysis

water and high temp

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4
Q

Alkene —-> poly(alkene)

What conditions are required?

A

high pressure

cataylst

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5
Q

Haloalkane —-> alcohol

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: Nucleophilic substitution

Reagent: KOH(aq)

Conditions: Heat under reflux

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6
Q

Alkane —-> haloalkane

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: free radical substitution

Reagents: Br2/Cl2

Conditions: UV light

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7
Q

Haloalkane —-> nitrile

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: nucleophilic substitution

Reagents: KCN in ethanol

Conditions: heat under reflux

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8
Q

Haloalkane —-> primary amine

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: nucleopilic substitution

Reagents: excess NH3 in ethanol

Conditions: heat under pressure

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9
Q

Nitrile —-> primary amine

What is the type of reaction and what conditions are required?

A

Reduction

LiAlH4 in ether

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10
Q

1° amine —-> 2° —-> 3° —-> quaternary ammonium salt

A

Nucleophilic substitution

NH3

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11
Q

Primary amine —-> secondary amide

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: Nucleophilic addition-elimination

Reagents: acyl chloride

Conditions: RT

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12
Q

Primary alcohol —-> aldehyde

Name the type of reaction, reagents and conditions

A

Oxidation

Reagent/ox agent: acidified potassium dichromate

Conditions: heat and distil

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13
Q

Secondary alcohol —-> ketone

A

Oxidation

Acidified potassium dichromate

High temp

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14
Q

Primary alcohol —-> carboxylic acid

A

Oxidation

Acidified potassium dichromate in excess

Heat under reflux

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15
Q

Aldehyde/ketone —-> hydroxynitrile

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: nucleophilic addition

Reagents: NaCN and dilute HCl

Conditions: RT

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16
Q

Carboxylic acid —-> ester

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: addition-elimination (esterification)

Reagents; alcohol and conc H2SO4 catalyst

Conditions: High temp

17
Q

Acyl chloride/ acid anhydride —-> Carboxylic acid

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: Nucleophilic addition-elimination

Reagent: H2O

Conditions: RT

18
Q

Acyl chloride/acid anhydride —-> ester

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: Nucleophilic addition-elimination

Reagent: alcohol

Conditions: RT

19
Q

Acyl chloride/acid anhydride —-> secondary amide

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: nucleophilic addition-elimination

Reagents: 1° amine

Conditions: RT

20
Q

Acyl chloride/acid anhydride —-> primary amide

Name the mechanism, reagents and conditions

A

Mechanism: nucleophilic addition-elimination

Reagents: NH3

Conditions: RT