Haloalkanes

Question 1

What is the general formula of a haloalkane?

Answer 1

C_nH_2n+1X

Question 2

What is the polarity of the carbon-halogen bond?

Answer 2

C⁺ - H^-

Question 3

Which is more electronegative, carbon or the halogens

Answer 3

Halogens

Question 4

Are haloalkanes soluble in water?

Answer 4

No, the carbon-halogen bond is not polar enough

Question 5

Does the polarity of the carbon-halogen bond/electronegativity of the halogen increase or decrease down group 7?

Answer 5

decreases

Question 6

What can haloalkanes but used for?

Answer 6

Cleaning products

-they remove oily stains

Question 7

Does the bpt of haloalkanes increase or decrease down the halogen group?

Why?

Answer 7

Increases

More e- so stronger vdw FoA between the molecules

Question 8

What 2 factors determine the reactivity of a haloalkane?

Answer 8

The C-X bond polarity

The C-X bond enthalpy

Question 9

Explain the trend the the bond enthalpies of the haloalkanes?

Answer 9

Bonds get weaker down the group:

Atomic radius increases

e- in covalent bond further away from positive nucleus

Weaker FoA

Question 10

What does the trend in bond polarity suggest about the reactivity of haloalkanes?

Answer 10

Reactivity would decrease becuase C-F bond is most polar

Question 11

What does the trend in bond ethalpy suggest about the reactivity of the haloalkanes?

Answer 11

Reactivity would increase because C-F is the strongest bond and C-I is the weakest

Question 12

Is bond enthalpy or bond polarity more important in determining the reactivity of a haloalkane?

Answer 12

Enthalphy

Experiments confirm reactivity increases (it would decrease if polarity was the mostr important factor)

Question 13

What is a nucleophile?

Answer 13

A lone pair e- donator