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Block 3 Ellen > The GI tract L1 > Flashcards

The GI tract L1 Flashcards

1
Q

embryonic foregut= (6)

A

Oesophagus, stomach, proximal duodenum, liver, gall bladder, pancreas

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2
Q

Embryonic midgut=

A

distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum—-> proximal 2/3 transverse colon

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3
Q

Embryonic hindgut=

A

distal 1/3 transverse colon—> rectum

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4
Q

what artery supplies foregut

A

celiac artery

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5
Q

what artery supplies midgut

A

superior mesenteric artery

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6
Q

what artery supplies hindgut

A

inferior mesenteric artery

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7
Q

what makes up the roof of mouth

A

hard and soft palate

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8
Q

what makes up the floor of the mouth

A

mylohyoid muscle

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9
Q

what makes up the posterior mouth

A

palatoglossal folds

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10
Q

3 main salivary glands

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

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11
Q

largest salivary gland

A

parotid

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12
Q

how long is the parotid duct

A

5cm long

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13
Q

where is the parotid gland located

A

inferior and anterior to ear

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14
Q

what does the parotid gland lie between

A

skin and masseter muscle

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15
Q

where does the parotid duct enter the vestibule

A

opposite the upper second molar

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16
Q

what nerve innervates the parotid gland

A

glossopharyngeal

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17
Q

where does the submandibular gland lie

A

deep and superficial, posterior to mandible

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18
Q

Where does sublingual gland lie

A

medial surface of the of mandible

superior and anterior to submandibular glands

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19
Q

What type of saliva does submandibular secrete

A

amylase + thickened with mucus

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20
Q

what nerve innervates submandibular

A

facial nerve

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21
Q

Where does the sublingual gland empty into

A

floor of the mouth in the oral cavity proper

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22
Q

type of fluid secreted by sublingual glands

A

thicker fluid only a small amount of amylase

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23
Q

where does the innervation of all muscles of mastication come from

A

mandibular nerve

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24
Q

what nerve innervates the sublingual glands

A

lingual nerves

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25
Q

which pharyngeal nerve do the muscles of mastication come from

A

first

26
Q

name 4 muscles of mastication

A

temporalis
masseter
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid

27
Q

where does the temporalis muscle originate

A

bone of temporal fossa

28
Q

what action does the temporalis muscle do (2)

A

elevates the mandible (Closing mouth)

retracts mandible

29
Q

where does the masseter attach

A

zygomatic arch and maxillary process of zygomatic bone

30
Q

what does the masseter do

A

elevate the mandible

31
Q

Where does the medial pterygoid attach

A

deep (Below masseter muscle)

32
Q

What does the medial pterygoid do

A

elevates the mandible

33
Q

What does the lateral pterygoid do

A

depression of the mandible (opens mouth)

34
Q

Where does the lateral pterygoid attach

A

superior to medial pterygoid

terminates at temporal mandibular joint

35
Q

accessory muscle of mastication=

A

buccinator

36
Q

oesophagus goes from

A

C6-T10

37
Q

how long is the oesophagus

A

25cm

38
Q

upper oesophageal sphincter=

A

cricopharyngeus muscle

39
Q

lower oesophageal sphincter=

A

gastro-oesophageal junction T11

40
Q

mucosa of oesophagus

A

nonkeratinized stratified squamous

41
Q

mucosa of stomach =

A

simple columnar epithelial cells

42
Q

point at which stratified squamous —> simple columnar =

A

histological gastro-oesophageal junction

43
Q

what is Barretts oesophagus

A

histological gastro-oesophageal junction moves proximal

44
Q

4 sections of the stomach

A

cardia
fundus
body
pyloric area

45
Q

where is the pyloric sphincter

A

transpyloric plane (L1)

46
Q

what is the pyloric area of the stomach divided into

A

pyloric antrum and pyloric canal

47
Q

4 curves of the stomach

A

greater curvature
lesser curvature
cardial notch
angular incisures

48
Q

what attaches to the greater curvature

A

gastrosplenic ligament

greater omentum

49
Q

arterial supply of the stomach (3)

A

left gastric artery
right gastric artery
right gastro-omental artery

50
Q

where does the left gastric branch off

A

celiac trunk

51
Q

where does the right gastric artery branch off

A

hepatic artery proper (off common hepatic artery which is off the celiac trunk)

52
Q

where does the right gastro-omental artery branch off

A

gastroduodenal artery from the hepatic artery proper

53
Q

three parts of the small intestine

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

54
Q

4 parts of the duodenum

A

superior
descending
horizontal / inferior
ascending

55
Q

which part of the duodenum is the only non retroperitoneal section

A

superior

56
Q

which part of the duodenum crosses over the aorta

A

horizontal / inferior part

57
Q

what do chief cells secrete

A

pepsinogen

gastric lipase

58
Q

what do partial cells secrete

A

produce HCL and intrinsic factor

59
Q

What is the ampulla also called

A

superior duodenum

60
Q

which part of the duodenum contains the major duodenal papilla (and minor)

A

descending part

61
Q

What is the common entrance for bile

A

major duodenal papilla

Block 3 Ellen (8 decks)

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