Lower GI L4

Question 1

top right hand corner named

Answer 1

right hypocondrium

Question 2

middle right square

Answer 2

right flank

Question 3

right bottom square

Answer 3

right groin

Question 4

middle middle square

Answer 4

umbilical region

Question 5

bottom middle square

Answer 5

pubic region

Question 6

layers of the abdominal wall

Answer 6

skin
superficial fascia
muscles and associated fascia
parietal peritoneum

Question 7

what does the superficial fascia consist of

Answer 7

fatty connective tissue

Question 8

above the umbilicus how is the superficial fascia presented

Answer 8

a single sheet of connective tissue

Question 9

below the umbilicus how is the superficial fascia presented

Answer 9

divided into two layers

Question 10

what are the two layers of the superficial fascia called

Answer 10

campers fascia (superficial) and scarpa’s fascia (deep)

Question 11

most superficial muscle of the abdominal wall

Answer 11

external oblique

Question 12

name 4 muscles of the abdominal wall

Answer 12

external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominis
rectus abdominis

Question 13

what do the aponeurosis of all the flat muscles form in the midline

Answer 13

linea alba

Question 14

where does the linea alba run from-to

Answer 14

xiphoid process of sternum to the pubic symphysis

Question 15

which ribs does the internal oblique insert onto

Answer 15

ribs 10-12

Question 16

which way does the internal oblique run

Answer 16

superamedial

Question 17

which is the deepest muscle of the abdominal wall

Answer 17

transverse abdominus

Question 18

which way do the fibres of the transverse abdominus run

Answer 18

transverse

Question 19

which muscles join to tendons to form the conjoint tendon

Answer 19

transverse abdominus and internal oblique

Question 20

where does the rectus abdominis extend

Answer 20

the length of the anterior abdominal wall

Question 21

what are the 3 or 4 bands of intersecting fibrous bands between the rectus abdominis called

Answer 21

tendinous intersections

Question 22

what separates the rectus abdominis at the midline

Answer 22

linea alba

Question 23

what muscle is not always present

Answer 23

pyramidalis muscle

Question 24

4 functions of the anterolateral abdominal wall

Answer 24

increases intra-abdominal pressure
moves the trunk
depress the ribs
supports the intestines

Question 25

what is the line called where the rectus sheath no longer encloses the rectus abdominis

Answer 25

arcuate line

Question 26

what happens at the arcuate line

Answer 26

all muscles/ aponeurosis move anterior to the rectus abdominis

Question 27

What does the movement of muscles at the arcuate line cause

Answer 27

the rectus abdominis to be in direct contact with the transveralis facia

Question 28

floor of the inguinal ligament is made up off

Answer 28

one half inguinal ligament | medially reinforced by the lacunar ligament

Question 29

what is the anterior wall of the inguinal canal

Answer 29

aponeurosis of external oblique | reinforced by lower most fibres of internal oblique

Question 30

what is the posterior wall of the inguinal canal made of

Answer 30

transveralis fascia | reinforced by the conjoint tendon

Question 31

what is the roof of inguinal canal made of

Answer 31

transverse abdominis and internal oblique

Question 32

what is a mesentary

Answer 32

double folds of peritoneum attaching to intestine wall

Question 33

which part of the small intestine has longer vasa recta

Answer 33

jejunum

Question 34

which part of the small intestine has more arterial arches

Answer 34

ileum

Question 35

what absorption happens in the ileum

Answer 35

B12 , H2O

Question 36

which part of the small intestine has thicker walls

Answer 36

jejunum

Question 37

what is meckels diverticulum

Answer 37

a slight bulge in small intestine present at birth

Question 38

which parts of the large intestine are retroperitoneal

Answer 38

ascending and descending

Question 39

where does the greater omentum go from

Answer 39

stomach to transverse colon

Question 40

3 distinguishing features of the colon

Answer 40

taeniae coli haustra appendicies epiploica

Question 41

4 parts of the colon

Answer 41

ascending transverse descending sigmoid

Question 42

what is immediately lateral to the ascending and descending colon

Answer 42

paracolic gutters

Question 43

ascending colon arterial supply=

Answer 43

colic branch from iliocolic artery (SMA)

Question 44

transverse colon arterial supply

Answer 44

right colic artery (SMA) middle colic artery (SMA) Left colic (IMA)

Question 45

descending colon arterial supply

Answer 45

left colic (IMA)

Question 46

sigmoid colon arterial supply

Answer 46

sigmoid arteries (IMA)

Question 47

what decreased down the rectum

Answer 47

the peritoneal covering

Question 48

three epithelium of rectum

Answer 48

simple columnar stratified squamous non-keratinized stratified squamous keratinized

Question 49

visceral peritoneum=

Answer 49

covers organs

Question 50

parietal peritoneum=

Answer 50

lines walls

Question 51

mesenteries=

Answer 51

folds of peritoneum that suspend abdominal viscera

Question 52

intraperitoneal=

Answer 52

organs suspended in peritoneal cavity

Question 53

retroperitoneal=

Answer 53

organs outside peritoneal cavity with 1 surface covered with peritoneum

Question 54

what is the peritoneal cavity divided into

Answer 54

greater sac and omental bursa

Question 55

what connects the greater sac and omental bursa

Answer 55

omental foramen

Question 56

lesser omentum goes from

Answer 56

lesser curvature of stomach to inferior surface of liver

Question 57

what levels is the rectosigmoid junction

Answer 57

S3