Drugs and the gut L3 Flashcards
where can peptic ulcers form
stomach ulcers
duodenal ulcers
symptoms of peptic ulcers
abdomen, neck, back pain
bleeding
indigestion
heartburn
main place of gastric secretion
fundus
where in the gastric pit are mucus cells (neck cells)
higher up
which too cells are close together in the gastric pit
chief cells and parietal cells
what do chief cells do
secrete pepsinogen
what do parietal cells secrete
HCL
what enzyme allows CO2 and H2O to react
carbonic anhydrase
what causes alkaline tide
outflow of HCO3-
how are H+ ions pumped into the lumen
in exchange for K+ via proton pump
things that can cause peptic ulcers (2)
NSAID
bacterial infections
what pH is needed for stomach healing
> 3
what type of bacteria is heliobacter pylori
G negative
how do bacteria cause ulcers
disrupts the lining of the stomach—> stomach acid infiltrates
what do PPIs do
decrease H+ secretion by parietal cells
positive of PPIs
few side effects
how are PPIs given (drug form)
prodrugs
what inhibition do PPIs cause
irreversible inhibition of H+ pump via ATPase
What is combined with a PPI
antibiotic
e.g of antibiotic used in PPI
Amoxicillin
what can be given with NSAIDs to prevent ulceration
misoprostol
Hyoscine=
blocks Ach receptors
(muscarinic receptor antagonist)
used for motion sickness
Name 2 H-1 receptor antagonists
cyclizine
cinnarizine
cinnarizine=
Histamine receptor antagonist motion sickness (vomiting)
