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Dual US History > The Frontier West > Flashcards

The Frontier West Flashcards

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1
Q

announced the frontier had ended based; said all vacant land in the west had gone

A

1890 Census

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2
Q

made too much wheat and such therefore causing an over supply

A

Agricultural Depression late 1800s

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3
Q

made Indians more like white people

A

Americanization

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4
Q

invented by Joseph Glidden to keep cattle and cowboys out; later cowboys used it to keep cattle together

A

Barbed Wire

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5
Q

-referred to as Custer’s Last Stand; Custer divides his troops and attacks too soon so all the soldiers are wiped out, US Army defeated; Sitting Bull is on the run for the next 5 years until forced to surrender

A

Battle of the Little Bighorn

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6
Q

cowboy was the biggest boost in this industry

A

Beef/Cattle Industry of late 1800s

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7
Q

plains Indian group; changed entire life to meet westward expansion; start selling buffalo to the settlers; it promotes polygamy

A

Blackfeet

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8
Q

Cheyenne Chief who leads his people back to the reservation at sand creek, after granted amnesty

A

Black Kettle

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9
Q

were farms that drives to get most wheat; run like factories; investors hired workers, manager, supplies, etc; go bankrupt in great wheat depression; drive down cost of wheat

A

Bonanza Farms

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10
Q

raided by Sioux and Cheyenne; wagon trail attacked and 18 soldiers killed; Chief Red Cloud signed second treaty of fort Letterman to close Bozeman trail

A

Bozeman Trail

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11
Q

killed for hides by Indians; near extinction

A

Buffalo

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12
Q

leader of Nez Perce Indians; ‘I will fight no more forever’

A

Chief Joseph

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13
Q

is the most famous cattle trail

A

Chisholm Trail

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14
Q

a lode of silver ore located under the eastern slope of Mount Davidson, a peak in the Virginia Range in Nevada

A

Comstock Lode

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15
Q

had hard work but little pay; westward movement of railroad was the biggest boost to cattle industry

A

Cowboy

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16
Q

divides his troops and attacks too soon so all the soldiers are wiped out in the Indians War

A

Custer

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17
Q

1887; became policy towards native Americans; break up reservation so Indians become individual property owners; each head of household received 160 acres to farm or 320 acres of grazing; a single person over 18 got 80 acres; each additional child received 40 acres; additional land sold to white settlers; took Indian children away from their family and were put in boarding school; they were punished if they did anything tribal

A

Dawes Severalty Act

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18
Q

colored former slaves that leave south to avoid segregation laws and the KKK; they went to Kansas, many sneaking in the night to leave

A

Exodusters

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19
Q

announced the frontier had ended based on 1890 census that said all vacant land in the west had gone; wrote The Frontier Thesis; frontier is what made us Americans, it shaped character and government, over the course of history it is a struggle to tackle the wilderness and creates rugged individualism

A

Frederick Jackson Turner

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20
Q

started as a religious ceremony by Paiute tribe shaman Tavibo; one who buys into this is Wovoka; tried to contact ancestors to get answers and wisdom to try to defeat white men; Wovoka died and came back to life 1887 and 1889 sometime; made a prophecy that this dance would return their land

A

Ghost Dance

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21
Q

the patrons of husbandry; founded by Oliver H. Kelley; offer self improvement through education, support, fellowship, and consumer cooperation; reached one million people

A

Grange

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22
Q

Great Plains region

A

Great American Desert

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23
Q

cut into hard rock to get ore

A

Hard rock mining

24
Q

wrote A Century of Dishonor which chronicles US relationship with Native Americans; doesn’t affect much

A

Helen Hunt Jackson

25
Q

passed by republicans because democrats were not there to deny it; passed in civil war but pretty much ignored; promotes frontier settlement; 160 acres to any individual that improved the land for 5 years; paid $10 registration fee

A

Homestead Act of 1862

26
Q

used high pressure water to find minerals under dirt and soft rock; not environmentally friendly

A

Hydraulic Mining

27
Q

improved the farm plow designs

A

James Oliver

28
Q

invents barbed wire to keep cattle and cowboys out

A

Joseph Glidden

29
Q

had a long standing contract with Union; he sent them cattle; wanted stock yard in a central plain location; started first stock yard in Abilene

A

Joseph McCoy

30
Q

land area set aside by the United States Government for the relocation of the Indians

A

Indian Territory

31
Q

Custer’s last stand; Col. Custard is sent to South Dakota by Chivington to calm things down; supposed to buy the Black Hills, but Sioux’s price is too high; he tries to get them out by threatening them to get on reservation, but Sitting Bull resists; Custer takes troops to hunt down the tribe that is now in Little Big Horn, Custer divides his troops and attacks too soon so all the soldiers are wiped out, US Army defeated; Sitting Bull is on the run for the next 5 years until forced to surrender

A

Indian Wars

32
Q

designed to regulate the railroad industry

A

Interstate Commerce Act

33
Q

came to sand creek with troops, Black Kettleblack kettle offered sign of piece, but many Indians were killed and camp burned; it was investigated, but he was not condemnedpart of Sand Creek Massacre

A

John M. Chivington

34
Q

in remote area of Canada; Klondike River was border between Alaska and Canada; many went to this area; it was dangerous and Canadian officials made sure you had a years supply of goods to keep deaths down

A

Klondike Gold Strike

35
Q

gave money to states to provide colleges for agricultural and mechanical arts; ‘land grant college’; land could be built on or sold to do something promoting higher education

A

Morrill Act

36
Q

named for pierced noses; Chief Joseph is leader and wants to remain in the Wallowa Valley but in 1887 government tries to get them to move; reluctantly agrees but makes speech of how it’s unfair; Gen. Howard says that they have 30 days to get to the reservation or they’ll take it as an act of war; Joseph asks for more time but is denied; try to escape to Canada and are chased by 2000 US troops over 3 months; they wind up in Bear Paw; Joseph has to surrender because over 200 had died; safe passage is arranged and they are moved to North Oklahoma where many die; Joseph eventually gets them relocated to Pacific North West; ‘I will fight no more forever’

A

Nez Perce

37
Q

wanted graduated income tax, direct election of US senators, want more silver in circulation, lower tariff,want government to own outright all railroads and telegraphs, want new banking system, and want subtreasuries

A

Ocala Platform

38
Q

settlers stare across to Indian territory to see 2million acres not assigned to any particular tribe on Indian territory; in 1889 the territory is open to white residents

A

Oklahoma Land Rush

39
Q

founded the patrons of husbandry also known as the grange

A

Oliver H. Kelly

40
Q
  • promoted the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the United States; Minnesota and Washington deeded 1/4 land to the railroad
A

Pacific Railway Act 1872

41
Q

Indians were pushed onto these pieces of land by the government

A

Reservations

42
Q

takes place in Colorado territory; Cheyenne chief black kettle leads his people back to the reservation at sand creek, after granted amnesty; Colonel John M. Chivington came to sand creek with troops, Black Kettle offered sign of piece, but many Indians were killed and camp burned

A

Sand Creek Massacre

43
Q

is the chief of the largest group of no treaty Sioux and is a shaman; Sitting Bull is on the run for the next 5 years after Indian Wars until forced to surrender; he later tours with Buffalo Bills Wild West show

A

Sitting Bull

44
Q

stake out land they want because they snuck in sooner than they were supposed to

A

Sooners

45
Q

were hybrid between Spanish cattle and English cattle; hearty animal that can live off grass

A

Texas Longhorn

46
Q

1st is May 10, 1869; it’s the union of Union Pacific and Central Pacific

A

Transcontinental Railroad

47
Q

try to keep peace in boom towns with rare trails

A

Vigilante Committee

48
Q

very into the ghost dance; died and came back to life 1887 and 1889 sometime; made a prophecy that this dance would return their land

A

Wovoka

49
Q

1890 many children, warriors and women were killed; considered the conflict between army and Indians; by 1890s Sioux and other reservation Indians were reduced to life of poverty, alcoholism, and depression

A

Wounded Knee Massacre

50
Q

fought the railroad, they wanted state to set a price the railroad would have to pay for taking away grain; lots of lawsuits; not very effective

A

Granger Laws

51
Q

Sitting Bull: Identification

A

is the chief of the largest group of no treaty Sioux and is a shaman; Sitting Bull is on the run for the next 5 years after Indian Wars until forced to surrender; he later tours with Buffalo Bills Wild West show

52
Q

Joseph Glidden: Identification

A

invents barbed wire to keep cattle and cowboys out

53
Q

Ghost Dance: Identification

A

started as a religious ceremony by Paiute tribe shaman Tavibo; one who buys into this is Wovoka; tried to contact ancestors to get answers and wisdom to try to defeat white men; Wovoka died and came back to life 1887 and 1889 sometime; made a prophecy that this dance would return their land

54
Q

Dawes Severalty Act: Identification

A

policy towards native Americans; break up reservation so Indians become individual property owners; each head of household received 160 acres to farm or 320 acres of grazing; a single person over 18 got 80 acres; each additional child received 40 acres; additional land sold to white settlers; took Indian children away from their family and were put in boarding school; they were punished if they did anything tribal

55
Q

Joseph McCoy: Identification

A

had a long standing contract with Union; he sent them cattle; wanted stock yard in a central plain location; started first stock yard in Abilene

56
Q

1872 Railway Act: Identification

A

promoted the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the United States; Minnesota and Washington deeded 1/4 land to the railroad

57
Q

Fredrick Jackson Turner: Identification

A

announced the frontier had ended based on 1890 census that said all vacant land in the west had gone; wrote The Frontier Thesis; frontier is what made us Americans, it shaped character and government, over the course of history it is a struggle to tackle the wilderness and creates rugged individualism

Dual US History (9 decks)

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