The Crisis of Reconstruction

Question 1

Jacksonian Democrat; military governor of TN during civil war 1862 to 1864; anti-aristocracy, hates aristocracy/planter class in the south; white supremacist and cannot compromise; never gets along with congress; agrees with Lincoln the southern states never legally left the union; proclamations included: oath of allegiance receives pardon with all property restored except slaves, provisional governor of southern states oversaw oaths at state conventions; ratified 13th amendment; all debts/loans forgotten; if property exceeded $20,000 they could not participate in government

Answer 1

Andrew Johnson

Question 2

granted right to marry, right to sue, right to hold land; rarely allowed black to testify against white; rights denied- no guns, no alcohol, no interracial marriage, beginning of segregation, curfew, limited gathering; could be arrested for not working with punishment of labor or fined

Answer 2

Black Codes

Question 3

in charge of Democratic Party in New York City; awarded patronage based on kickbacks; reason for most notorious corruption; brought under by New York courthouse; welfare system to immigrants in exchange for democratic votes at elections; his corruption catches him and he is arrested under corruption charges; takes two times to convict him, is sentenced to 13 years but only served a few; want the money back and can’t make bail, flees to Cuba then Spain and is returned to US where he dies in jail

Answer 3

Boss Tweed

Question 4

northern white who had come to live in the south

Answer 4

Carpetbaggers

Question 5

when people lost citizenship rights; confederates went under this during congressional radical reconstruction

Answer 5

Civil Disabilities

Question 6

1866; granted citizenship and the same rights enjoyed by white citizens to all male persons in the United States “without distinction of race or color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude.”

Answer 6

Civil Rights Act

Question 7

he leader of the antislavery forces in Massachusetts and a leader of the Radical Republicans in the United States Senate during the American Civil War

Answer 7

Charles Sumner

Question 8

caused Hayes to win the election 1876

Answer 8

Compromise of 1877

Question 9

happened to confederate land; it was seized by force

Answer 9

Confiscation

Question 10

name was used to set up dummy corporation; Union Pacific Railroad set up this front to make money through contracts; build first transcontinental railroad; give cheap stick to members of congress to get subsidies; New York Sun exposes this in 1872 to try to convince people not to elect US Grant; Union Pacific Railroad went bankrupt when people called for loans; Southerners took large hit on this

Answer 10

Credit Mobilier

Question 11

served as Secretary of War under the Lincoln Administration during most of the American Civil War; Johnson tried to fire; violated tenure of office act

Answer 11

Edwin Stanton

Question 12

Republican US Grant who has no political experience, but was a general; Democrat Horatio Seymour was governor of NY with militant platform, want southern votes, say reconstruction is usurp of power and want to end freedmen’s bureau; the klan is keeping people out of polls; grant wins 214 to 80

Answer 12

Election of 1868

Question 13

opposed 15th amendment; helped head the Women’s Suffrage Movement

Answer 13

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Question 14

Irish who are making trouble on Canadian border; angry Britain is occupying Ireland

Answer 14

Fenian

Question 15

ratified by states in 1870; the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude; The Congress has power to enforce this

Answer 15

Fifteenth Amendment

Question 16

are laws passed by congress to help break power of klan to help people vote and protect black voters; not very successful

Answer 16

Force (Enforcement) Acts of 1870 & 1871

Question 17

1865 was officially called Bureau of Refugees, Freedman, and Abandoned Lands; many former northern abolitionists risked their lives to help southern freedmen; Johnson tried to cut funds and get rid of it; south saw freedmen’s bureau as teaching freedmen to become lazy

Answer 17

Freedmen’s Bureau Bill

Question 18

democrat runner in 1872 election; lost to US Grant

Answer 18

Horace Greeley

Question 19

democratic candidate for 1868; was governor of NY with militant platform; wants southern votes; says reconstruction is usurp of power; wants to end freedmen’s bureau

Answer 19

Horatio Seymore

Question 20

to charge a serving government official with serious misconduct while in office

Answer 20

Impeachment

Question 21

were heavily invested in railroads where there was a big boom; they were going to build second transcontinental railroad called Northern Pacific Railroad; the bank crashed and many went bankrupt; caused Panic 1873

Answer 21

Jay Cooke

Question 22

was white supremacist group started in Tennessee; they wanted democratic power returned and colored people to lose all rights; laws passed to try to crush klan, but not sucessful

Answer 22

Klu Klux Klan

Question 23

were made just to run against US Grant

Answer 23

Liberal Republicans

Question 24

under congressional reconstruction broke south into military districts watched under a general until they could be reconstructed

Answer 24

Military Reconstruction Act of 1867

Question 25

groups got together and pulled their money to pay dues to organizations and if some died they'd help the widow, they'd pay doctor if you couldn't work; kind of like insurance

Answer 25

Mutual Aid Societies

Question 26

was the party Johnson organized to keep republicans from getting voted; huge failure

Answer 26

National Union Party

Question 27

union general in charge of the freedmen's bureau

Answer 27

Oliver Howard

Question 28

economic problem; serious downturn in economy; started through problems with bank Jay Cooke and Company who were heavily invested in railroads where there was a big boom; they were going to build second transcontinental railroad called Northern Pacific Railroad; the bank crashed and many went bankrupt; 18000 businesses failed 1873 and 1877; long depression; crisis fully finished in 1879

Answer 28

Panic of 1873

Question 29

to hold a person in partial slavery; black codes

Answer 29

Peonage

Question 30

is when a bill brought to the president is not signed within 10 days of going out of session; he refuses to sign it and it expires and doesn't become a law

Answer 30

Pocket Veto

Question 31

runs senate because the Vice President is not allowed to

Answer 31

President Pro Tempore

Question 32

Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner headed up this party

Answer 32

Radical Republicans

Question 33

was the 19th President of the United States; he oversaw the end of Reconstruction; began the efforts that led to civil service reform

Answer 33

Rutherford B. Hayes

Question 34

ran against Hayes in 1876; won popular vote but lost election

Answer 34

Samuel Tilden

Question 35

-price of property in Caribbean; Grant tries to acquire island and tries to do it himself without consulting anyone but instead sends Babcock his personal secretary to annex __; Charles Sumner is very unhappy and the rest of the radical republicans refuse to support this

Answer 35

Santo Domingo

Question 36

another name for Yeoman whites; seen as traitors; former Whigs

Answer 36

Scalawag

Question 37

became major agricultural economy of south; contracted labor never developed; former plantation owner found poor families who were mostly African American to work the land for a year, and the owner provided necessities; at the end of the year they would split crop 2/3 owner 1/3 sharecropper; this system causes continuous debt

Answer 37

Sharecropping

Question 38

woman's rights activist; walked out of American Equal Rights Association when they supported the 15th amendment since it did not help women's rights; this formed the American Woman Suffrage Association

Answer 38

Susan B. Anthony

Question 39

was a path a southern state could take to be readmitted to union; the 10% minimum of state had to swear an oath of allegiance to the union to be readmitted; does not provide at all suffrage for free slaves and congress is not consulted; all but highest ranking southern officers of military or civil could call for pardon

Answer 39

10% Plan

Question 40

is when you rented the land and grew what you wanted to; better than sharecropping; make more money so you can pack up and leave

Answer 40

Tenant Farming

Question 41

1867; says if senate has to approve appointment being hired then they also have to approve them being fired

Answer 41

Tenure in Office Act

Question 42

was radical republican who hated 10% plan; wanted to punish south and head up

Answer 42

Thaddeus Stevens

Question 43

ratified December 1865; Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction; congress has power to enforce this

Answer 43

Thirteenth Amendment

Question 44

a violation of the allegiance owed by somebody to his or her own country

Answer 44

Treason

Question 45

1871; worked out by Secretary of State Hamilton Fish; the CSS Alabama captured and sunk many northern ships before having sunk; the north believes the British should pay expenses since they built and sold the ship; ultimate settlement of Alabama claims British gave 15.5 million and an apology

Answer 45

Treaty of Washington

Question 46

republican runner in election of 1868; has no political experience, but was a general; wins 214 to 80

Answer 46

U.S. Grant

Question 47

made by Benjamin wade and Henry Davis;50% of 1860 voters take an iron clad oath of allegiance swearing they had never voluntarily aid the rebellion; required state constitutional convention before the election of state officials; enacted specific safe guard of freedmens liberty

Answer 47

Wade-Davis Bill

Question 48

major scandal that involves the stealing if tax revenue on alcohol which is one of the major sources if revenue; conspiracy among citizens and officials; starts in St. Louis but quickly spreads; people involve primarily republican politicians; Benjamin Bristow the Secretary of Treasurer gets suspicious and sets up set up; a raid is conducted on may 10th and many are arrested; General Henderson is set as an attorney and US Grant tries to get the charges lowered, he won't and is fired; 3million is recovered; one charged is Orville Babcock but doesn't serve jail time due to pardon

Answer 48

Whiskey Ring

Question 49

below plantation owners, fought to keep slave laws intact; used to be Whigs; voted for neutral party; want peace and order and reconciliation; want greater diversity in economy but want limited right and powers of freedpeople and only those educated should get to vote; mirrored agenda of northern moderates; scalawags

Answer 49

Yeoman whites

Question 50

said you couldn't do anything to stop voting, if you didn't give people the vote you could lose seats in congress; you can't pay off confederate debts

Answer 50

Fourteenth Amedment