The French, Latin American, and Cultural Revolutions

Question 1

What ideas inspired people to question how government should rule?

Answer 1

Enlightenment ideas

Question 2

What provided a blueprint for challenging monarchy and bankrupted France?

Answer 2

The American Revolution

Question 3

What estate was the nobility?

Answer 3

2nd estate

Question 4

What estate was the bourgeoisie?

Answer 4

3rd estate

Question 5

Who were the bourgeoisie?

Answer 5

the middle class

Question 6

What estate was the clergy?

Answer 6

1st estate

Question 7

What group of people took control of the government of France and advocated for violence and executions against moderates?

Answer 7

the Jacobins

Question 8

People who favor quick and drastic changes are called…

Answer 8

radicals

Question 9

Who was the leader of the Jacobins?

Answer 9

Maximilien Robespierre

Question 10

What 4 things happened during the Reign of Terror?

Answer 10

1. Governed France as a Dictator
2. Changed the calendar
3. Did away with Sunday because he hated religion
4. Confiscated church lands and money

Question 11

Who’s reign became known as the Reign of Terror?

Answer 11

Maximilian Robespierre

Question 12

Who created the Committee on Public Safety?

Answer 12

Maximilian Robespierre

Question 13

What were the 5 causes of the French Revolution?

Answer 13

1. Influenced by Enlightenment ideas
2. Influenced by the success of the American Revolution
3. Financial Crisis
4. Bread shortage
5. Unfair taxation of the Third Estate

Question 14

What were the 4 effects of the French Revolution?

Answer 14

1. End of the Absolute Monarchy of Louis XVI
2. Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
3. Reign of Terror
4. Rise of Napoleon

Question 15

What was the Congress of Vienna’s goal?

Answer 15

Collective security and stability for the entire continent

Question 16

Who set up the Congress of Vienna?

Answer 16

Klemens von Metternich of Austria

Question 17

What were the 4 legacies of the Congress of Vienna?

Answer 17

1. “Balance of power” doctrine
2. Restoration of monarchies
3. Redraw new political map of Europe
4. New political philosophies of liberalism/conservatism emerge

Question 18

• Progressive
• Focuses on society
• Personal freedom
• Fair trade
• Supports workers
• “The world can be improved. Bring in the new”

Answer 18

liberalism

Question 19

• Traditional
• Focuses on the individual
• Economic freedom
• Free trade
• Supports employers
• “Protect the good things about the world”

Answer 19

conservatism

Question 20

The goal of preventing one country or person from becoming too powerful is called…

Answer 20

balance of power

Question 21

Which political philosophy focuses upon personal freedom, the good of society, and supports workers?

Answer 21

liberalism

Question 22

Who was the Coachman of Europe at the Congress of Vienna?

Answer 22

Metternich

Question 23

What 5 things did Napoleon do?

Answer 23

1. He kept many changes from the revolution
2. Strengthened the central government
3. Established a national banking system
4. Took steps to end corruption
5. Set up public schools

Question 24

What did the Napoleonic Code restore in the French colonies in the Caribbean?

Answer 24

slavery

Question 25

What did the Napoleonic Code limit and promote?

Answer 25

It limited liberty and promoted order and authority

Question 26

What were Napoleon's 3 mistakes?

Answer 26

1. The Continental System 2. The Peninsular War 3. The Invasion of Russia

Question 27

What was the Continental System?

Answer 27

a naval blockade to prevent trade and communication between Europe and England. FAILED

Question 28

Who does Napoleon surrender to?

Answer 28

William III of Prussia and Czar Alexander I

Question 29

What was Napoleon's last battle?

Answer 29

The Battle of Waterloo

Question 30

What was the legacy of Napoleon? (3 things)

Answer 30

1. Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under French domination 2. Napoleonic Code 3. Growth of Nationalism

Question 31

What were the events of the French Revolution? (4)

Answer 31

1. Tennis Court Oath 2. Storming of the Bastille 3. Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen 4. Reign of Terror

Question 32

Where was Napoleon sent on his final exile?

Answer 32

St. Helena Island

Question 33

What was an agreement between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII?

Answer 33

The Concordat of 1801

Question 34

What are some Enlightenment ideas that would encourage the overthrow of a monarch? (3)

Answer 34

1. Natural rights 2. Social contract 3. Separation of church and state

Question 35

a person born in the Americas from Spanish descent...

Answer 35

creoles

Question 36

someone of mixed race of both Spanish and indigenous background

Answer 36

mestizos

Question 37

Who was the liberator of Haiti and a former slave?

Answer 37

Toussaint L'Ouverture

Question 38

What major cities were established as outposts of colonial authority? (5)

Answer 38

1. Havana 2. Mexico City 3. Lima 4. São Paulo 5. Buenos Aires

Question 39

Who had a speech to have a revolution against Spanish rule?

Answer 39

Father Miguel Hidalgo

Question 40

What doctrine says that all countries are free and any country who tries to get back land in the Western Hemisphere will be seen as an enemy?

Answer 40

The Monroe Doctrine

Question 41

Havana - where is it?

Answer 41

Cuba - small island

Question 42

Mexico City - where is it?

Answer 42

Middle of Mexico

Question 43

Lima - where is it?

Answer 43

Top left of South America

Question 44

São Paulo - where is it?

Answer 44

Middle right of South America

Question 45

Buenos Aires - where is it?

Answer 45

Middle right of South America