The Foot Flashcards
the foot is comprised of ____ bones and ____ joints
26 bones, 36 joints
heel strike is a ______ (rigid, nonrigid) lever whereas toe-off is a ______ (rigid, nonrigid) lever
heel strike -> rigid lever
toe-off -> non-rigid lever
____% of individuals suffer from foot problems
80
true or false; foot problems can lead to other problems up the kinetic chain (eg., back problems can arise from foot problems)
true
sinus tarsi is loaded with ________
proprioceptors
which of the following is true about the foot?
a) if the rear foot is unlocked, the rest of the foot is unlocked
b) if the rear foot is unlocked, the rest of the foot is locked
c) the position of the rear foot is not indicative of what the rest of the foot would be
d) none of the above
a
what structure is responsible for allowing the mobile and rigid period during walking
plantar fascia
fallen medial longitudinal arch is also known as
a) plantar fasciitis
b) Raynaud’s syndrome
c) fallen arch/flat foot
d) none of the above
C
transverse metatarsal ligament function
stops toes from splaying out
how would you best prevent foot injuries?
a) paying attention to hygiene
b) correcting biomechanical structural deficiencies through orthotics
c) appropriate footwear
d) both B and C
e) all of the above
E
achilles tendon insertion
calcaneal tuberosity
plantar fascia
Lisfranc injury etiology
dorsum of foot rolls further forward (snowboarding, football, equestrian sports)
S&S Lisfranc injury
- inability to weight bear
- localized swelling & tenderness
Pes Planus etiology
- poor biomechanics
- wearing tight shoes
- trauma
- overweight
- excess exercise pressure on arch
S&S Pes Planus
- pain
- weakness or fatigue in medial arch
- flattened appearance of arch
Management - Pes planus
- leave it alone is not causing an issue
- orthotics, arch taping if problems develop
Pes Cavus - etiology
- higher arch than normal
- associated with excessive supination
- accentuated high medial longitudinal arch
S&S pes cavus
- poor shock absorption, resulting in metatarsalgia
- foot pain
- clawed or hammer toes
- associated with tight achilles and plantar fascia
- heavy callus development on ball and heel of foot
pes cavus - management
- leave it alone if not causing an issue
- orthotics (?)
- stretch achilles and plantar fascia
plantar fasciitis - etiology
- tight heel cord
- cavus foot or hyperpronation
- changes in footwear or training surfaces
- excessive training
S&S plantar fasciitis
- point tenderness medial heel/ medial arch
- pain with forceable dorsiflexion
- first step pain