Lecture 2 - Emergency Situations I Flashcards
true or false: You must assign roles during an emergency event
false; you must assign roles prior to an event
true or false: you must set up an EAP before an emergency
true
Emergency Action Plan Checklist
- Equipment
- On site personnel (some sports require on-site ambulance or dentist)
- medical information cards/parental consent
- location of a phone
- rapid field access (eg., locked gates/keys; obstacles to field of play)
define emergency
An unforeseen or combination of circumstances or the resulting state that calls for IMMEDIATE action:
- a sudden body alteration (eg., ruptured appendix or surgical shock) such as is likely to require immediate medical attention
- a usually distressing event or condition that can be anticipated or prepared for but seldom exactly foreseen
Review the emergency action plan. What are 3 things that should be on it?
- Personnel and roles
- Location and contact information
- Call sheet
Charge Person
- typically the most capable to manage situations
- assessing. Determining emergent situation
- Gives directions/assigns roles (eg., crown control, ambulance director)
- opposition charge person
Assistant/Control Person
- anyone appointed by the charge person
- often assists the charge person with assessment/ injury management
- crowd control
Call Person
- Makes the 911 call
- Reports back to the charge person
- May also be the person guiding the ambulance/emergency personnel
What is on the EAP Call Sheet?
Step 1 BREATHE
Dial 911
- ambulance/fire/police
- hello my name is ____ and my phone number is ____
- describe the emergency, type of emergency/injury, present condition of athlete, current assistance being provided
- I am at ____; someone will be located at ____ to guide you (note any limitations in the building)
- follow the dispatcher’s instructions/answer questions
- do not hang up unless instructed to do so
- return to the scene to assist until help arrives
who is typically the initial medial personal to actually see the injured individual?
the first aider; they are typically the ones who see the injury and who will attend to the injured athlete first
How do you determine an emergent situation?
determined by mechanism of injury, player movements on field, and observation upon approach
what is the 1st crucial step in proper injury management?
on the field assessment: it is quick, efficient, and concise. It provides clues as to injury severity.
Prompt recognition of life threatening conditions can be life saving
Primary Survey
- determines the presence of life-threatening injuries or conditions
Secondary Survey
- determines presence of other issues that are NOT life threatening NOW, but may becomes so
What are examples of life threatening conditions? (5 points)
- airway obstruction
- no breathing
- no circulation
- profuse/deadly bleeding
- shock
What are conditions that require immediate action? (7 points)
- hyperthermia
- hypothermia
- head injury (loss of consciousness)
- fracture or dislocation of spine or long bone
- serious eye injuries
- athlete unwilling to move or cannot support own body weight
- unconsciousness
define shock
heart unable to exert enough pressure to circulate blood to vital organs
what can cause shock (3 points)
- damaged heart
- low blood volume
- blood vessels dilation which causes pooling away from vital organs that take oxygen away from cells
What are the types of shock? (8 points)
- hypovolemic shock
- respiratory shock
- neurogenic shock
- anaphylactic shock
- septic shock
- cardiogenic shock
- metabolic shock
- psychogenic shock
signs and symptoms of shock (8 points)
1) rapid, weak pulse and low blood pressure
2) shallow, rapid breathing (panting)
3) pale, cool, clammy skin
4) blue/grey pallor in lips/ tongue/nailbeds
5) may be drowsy and appear sluggish
6) weakness, dizziness
7) sweating, may be very thirsty
8) late stages - unconsciousness and death
How would you manage shock? (7 points)
1) activate EMS
2) obtain and maintain open airway
3) manage complications or conditions
4) maintain body temperature
5) elevate legs in MOST situations
6) reassure and keep calm
7) monitor and record vital signs
hypovolemic shock
low blood volume
low blood pressure
respiratory shock
lungs cannot supply enough oxygen
neurogenic shock
dilation of peripheral blood vessels due to trauma in central nervous system
psychogenic shock
dilation of blood vessels due to decreased amount of blood to brain (syncope)
syncope is an example of:
psychogenic shock due to low blood flow to the brain
septic shock
severe bacterial infection
metabolic shock
complicated of untreated diabetes or extreme loss of body fluid
cardiogenic shock
heart incapable of circulating blood
anaphylactic shock
dilation of peripheral blood vessels due to severe allergic reaction. Hypotensive but tachycardic
hypotensive but tachycardic
anaphylactic shock
complication of untreated diabetes or extreme loss of body fluid can cause _______ shock
metabolic