The Five year plans Flashcards
What was Stalin’s industrialization plan for Russia?
The USSR to establish a war economy
What was Stalin preparing the USSR for through the FYP?
War against the capitalist foes abroad
What did Stalin regard as essentials in the development of the USSR? (3)
- Iron
- Steel
- Oil
How did Stalin achieve his economic policies?
Through the use of five-year plans
Who were required by Stalin to set up a list of quotas for production which would be met?
The Gosplan
What did FYP1 represent?
A set of targets
What did Stalin do to his targets? Why?
Stalin reformed the targets following the impressive progress of the first plans
What supported FYP1?
A propaganda campaign
What did the propaganda campaign aim to do?
Convince the Soviet people they were personally engaged in the vast industrial enterprise
What was given low priority?
Improving the lives of the Soviet people and rewards to workers.
What was the social result of the FYP1?
A neglect of basic social needs of the people
Who was poor quality blamed upon and how?
Managers and workers who weren’t prepared to to play their part in rebuilding the country
Who terrorized the workforce? Why?
The OGPU to keep them in line
What would happen to factory owners if they failed to meet their goals?
They would often find themselves on show trials as enemy of the USSR
What was the first plan and the actual output of Coal throughout FYP1?
35 (First Target)
64 (Actual)
What was the first plan and the actual output of Oil throughout FYP1?
- 7 (First Target)
21. 4 (Actual)
What was the first plan and the actual output of Iron ore throughout FYP1?
- 7 (First Target)
12. 1 (Actual)
What was the first plan and the actual output of Pig iron throughout FYP1?
- 2 (First Target)
6. 2 (Actual)
What were FYP2 and FYP3 modelled on?
The first five year plan
How were FYP2 and FYP3 goals differnet to FYP1?
The goals set were more realistic
In terms of production what happened in some industries but not others?
There was overproduction in some industries and under production in others
What was the greatest issue in FYP2 and FYP3?
Trying to maintain a proper supply of materials
Where did the greatest success for Russia occur?
In heavy industry
What happens in 1917 for workers?
Russia’s trade unions become powerless
What is the result of a lack of trade unions?
No distinction between workers and the government’s best interests
What was the result of teh five year plans for workers? (3)
- Workers rights disappeared
- Strikes were prohibited
- Traditional demands of better pay and conditions were seen as selfish
Throughout the FYP’s what happened to living standards?
Living standards deteriorated
How was money received from the FYP’s used?
Money was spent on rearmament over improving social conditions
What was production of Coal in 1927 compared to 1940?
35 (1927)
150 (1940)
What was production of Steel in 1927 compared to 1940?
3 (1927)
18 (1940)
What was production of Oil in 1927 compared to 1940?
12 (1927)
26 (1940)
What was production of Electricity in 1927 compared to 1940? (Strength)
18 (1927)
90 (1940)
What did the FYP’s provide Russia with? (Strength)
The basis for a military economy which enabled the USSR to survive and to later win WW2
Where did Economic refroms succeed? (Weakness)
In traditional areas of heavy industries
Where was a lack of though given to? (Weakness)
An overall economic strategy
What were used in production and what wasn’t being used effectively? (Weakness)
Old wasteful methods were used and modern machines weren’t effectively used
What prevented attention being placed on producing quality goods? (Weakness)
Stalin’s love of the ‘the Grand projects of Communism’
What did Stalin’s love of the ‘the Grand projects of Communism’ prevent Russian goods from being? (Weakness)
Sold abroad, Russia was not truly competitive with US and Europe
How can Russias production be descirbed? (Weakness)
Quantity over quality
What led to food shortages? (Weakness)
Lack of agricultural reform
