1905 Revolution Flashcards

1
Q

What were the key causes? (4)

A
  • Russo-Japanese war:
  • Bloody Sunday
  • Lack of political reform
  • Mutiny of Soldiers
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2
Q

What was the key territory which was being disputed over?

A

Port Arthur

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3
Q

What did Japan offer and how did Russia respond and why?

A

Japan offered a peace treaty, Russia felt they were stronger and refused it

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4
Q

When did the war go up until?

A

August 1905

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5
Q

When was Port Arthur lost?

A

January 1905

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6
Q

What did the military loss show?

A

The country wasn’t as strong as it was before

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7
Q

What did the loss in the war justify?

A

Claims that the government were irresponsible

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8
Q

What happened on 9/1/1905?

A

A peaceful protest

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9
Q

What were they calling for on the protest? (3)

A
  • 8 hr working day
  • Min wages
  • Dignified treatment
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10
Q

What were the protestors view on the Tsar?

A

They weren’t opposed to the Tsar instead believing that he could be the one to sort the issues out

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11
Q

How were the protestors treated?

A

They were shot at by the Palace guards

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12
Q

What was the result of the shooting of the protesters?

A

A loss in faith in the Tsar, turning many against his regime

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13
Q

How many people went on strike?

A

400’000 workers

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14
Q

Did the government have control?

A

No, they had little control

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15
Q

What did the minorities want?

A

An end to Russification

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16
Q

What caused anger amongst the peasnats?

A
  • They were in poverty

- There was a lack of land and growing space

17
Q

What were workers angry over? (3)

A
  • Long hours
  • Little pay
  • Lack off political rights
18
Q

What led to belives that the Tsar was weak? (2)

A

No changes + repression of protest

19
Q

What did the Tsars regime rely on?

A

The loyalty of the army

20
Q

How was the army used?

A
  • Crush revolts

- Restore order after protests

21
Q

Which crew mutinied in 1905?

A

The potemkin crew

22
Q

What were conditions like in the navy? (2)

A
  • Harsh

- Morale was low

23
Q

What happened with the mutiny of the navy?

A

It failed to drum up support

24
Q

What did the mutiny of the navy represent?

A

That faith in the Tsar had diminished

25
Q

What key events which occurred throughout the 1905 revolution? When did they occur?

A
  • Bloody Sunday (January)
  • Censorship collapsed (January)
  • Mutiny on Potemkin (June)
  • Major strikes break out in cities across the country (September)
  • October manifesto is released (October)
  • Tsarist supporters cause violence (October)
  • Army sent in to re-establish control (December)
26
Q

What were the Tsar’s options following the October Manifsto?

A

Either reform or force to restore order

27
Q

What were the key features of the October manifesto? (4)

A
  • Introduction of an elected Duma
  • Allowing freedom of speech
  • Freedom of association
  • Unwarranted arrest
28
Q

Overall what happens after the 1905 revolution?

A

The Tsar is able to stay in power

29
Q

Do the army remain loyal?

A

Yes

30
Q

How are the armies used following the revolution?

A

They are used to crush revolts nationwide

31
Q

In terms of oppsotion group what do they fail to do?

A

They fail to combine and create single, effective Tsar opposition

32
Q

Who were happy with the Tsars reforms?

A

Liberals were happy

33
Q

Who were not happy with the Tsars reforms?

A

Socialists - wanting more

34
Q

What did the middle class fear?

A

The violence

35
Q

What did the middle class want following the revolution?

A

A return to authority and control

36
Q

What methods did the Government use to crush any uprisings?

A

They used brutal, repressive methods

37
Q

Waht does Witte secure in 1906 which helps to prevent further resistance?

A

A loan to stabilise the Russian economy and relieve government issues

38
Q

What does he Tsar release following the revolution? What do they do?

A

The fundamental laws giving back complete autocratic control

39
Q

What do the fundamental laws allow?

A

The right to rule independently of Duma when it is not in session