Collectivisation Flashcards
What were Stalin’s aims when he first came to power in Russia?
To modernise Russia
How did Stalin plan to modernise Russia
By increasing grain production so they had enough to sell to fund Russia’s industrialization
What were the aims of state and collective farms? (2)
- More efficient farms
- The effective use of agricultural machinery
What did Stalin believe about Collectivisation?
That it was voluntary
What was the truth of collectivisation?
It was forced on very reluctant peasants
In terms of the Kulaks, what did Stalin argue?
That the Kulak’s were holding back the worker’s revolution
How were the Kulaks supposedly holding back the worker’s revolution? (2)
By:
- Monopolising the best land
- Employing cheap labour to work it
What did Stalin believe about the Kulaks?
Unless they were broken as a class, they would prevent the modernisation of the USSR
What did Stalin belkiev about collectivisation?
It was the only way to secure sufficient food supplies
What happened through Dekulakization?
- Land and property were seized from the minority of the better-off peasants,
- Kulaks their families were physically attacked.
What would happen to the majority of Kulaks? (3)
They would be:
- Arrested
- Imprisoned
- Deported
What haapeend between December 1929 and March 1931?
Half the peasant farms in the USSR were collectivised, yet peasants in the millions resisted
How did peasants respond to collectivisation?
Peasants in the millions resisted
How many rson attacks would occcur in Russia?
30’000
What did the peasants do instead of giving it to Stalin? What did this lead to? (2)
- Ate their seed corn
- Slaughtered their livestock
Led to their being no crops to harvest or animals to rear
Who were key in agricultural demonstartions?
Women
Why did Women protest?
They were the first to suffer from the new agricultural policies and hence were the first to resist
How did Women protest?
They would lay down in front of tractors and trucks sent to impose collectivisation
Why would the peasnats resistance prove to be futile?
They’d never stop collectivisation and by the end of the 1930’s, virtually the whole of the peasantry had been collectivised
What did the soviet responses of imprisonment, deportation and execution failed to do?
Solve the issues instead causing more damage
How was the little grain being produced used?
It was being sold abroad instead of used at home
What effect did the sale of corn abroad have on the Soviet economy?
It had dire consequences in the countryside leading to famines
Despite famine in the countryside who were still being supplied?
The industrial regions were still being supplied
How many people died in the famine?
10 million peasants
