Collectivisation

Question 1

What were Stalin’s aims when he first came to power in Russia?

Answer 1

To modernise Russia

Question 2

How did Stalin plan to modernise Russia

Answer 2

By increasing grain production so they had enough to sell to fund Russia’s industrialization

Question 3

What were the aims of state and collective farms? (2)

Answer 3

• More efficient farms

- The effective use of agricultural machinery

Question 4

What did Stalin believe about Collectivisation?

Answer 4

That it was voluntary

Question 5

What was the truth of collectivisation?

Answer 5

It was forced on very reluctant peasants

Question 6

In terms of the Kulaks, what did Stalin argue?

Answer 6

That the Kulak’s were holding back the worker’s revolution

Question 7

How were the Kulaks supposedly holding back the worker’s revolution? (2)

Answer 7

By:

• Monopolising the best land
• Employing cheap labour to work it

Question 8

What did Stalin believe about the Kulaks?

Answer 8

Unless they were broken as a class, they would prevent the modernisation of the USSR

Question 9

What did Stalin belkiev about collectivisation?

Answer 9

It was the only way to secure sufficient food supplies

Question 10

What happened through Dekulakization?

Answer 10

• Land and property were seized from the minority of the better-off peasants,
• Kulaks their families were physically attacked.

Question 11

What would happen to the majority of Kulaks? (3)

Answer 11

They would be:

• Arrested
• Imprisoned
• Deported

Question 12

What haapeend between December 1929 and March 1931?

Answer 12

Half the peasant farms in the USSR were collectivised, yet peasants in the millions resisted

Question 13

How did peasants respond to collectivisation?

Answer 13

Peasants in the millions resisted

Question 14

How many rson attacks would occcur in Russia?

Answer 14

30’000

Question 15

What did the peasants do instead of giving it to Stalin? What did this lead to? (2)

Answer 15

• Ate their seed corn
• Slaughtered their livestock
  Led to their being no crops to harvest or animals to rear

Question 16

Who were key in agricultural demonstartions?

Answer 16

Women

Question 17

Why did Women protest?

Answer 17

They were the first to suffer from the new agricultural policies and hence were the first to resist

Question 18

How did Women protest?

Answer 18

They would lay down in front of tractors and trucks sent to impose collectivisation

Question 19

Why would the peasnats resistance prove to be futile?

Answer 19

They’d never stop collectivisation and by the end of the 1930’s, virtually the whole of the peasantry had been collectivised

Question 20

What did the soviet responses of imprisonment, deportation and execution failed to do?

Answer 20

Solve the issues instead causing more damage

Question 21

How was the little grain being produced used?

Answer 21

It was being sold abroad instead of used at home

Question 22

What effect did the sale of corn abroad have on the Soviet economy?

Answer 22

It had dire consequences in the countryside leading to famines

Question 23

Despite famine in the countryside who were still being supplied?

Answer 23

The industrial regions were still being supplied

Question 24

How many people died in the famine?

Answer 24

10 million peasants

Question 25

Where and how many people fled as a result of collectivization?

Answer 25

17 million peasants were forced to flee by collectivisation and many left for the cities

Question 26

Why was the increase in labour as a result of collectivization important?

Answer 26

It led to an increase in labour which was very useful in the economic development of Russia

Question 27

What did Stalins economic policies lead to?

Answer 27

There finally being a solution to the land crisis which had never been answered before

Question 28

In 1937 what suggested that Collectivsation had worked?

Answer 28

97 million tonnes of grain was produced