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Russia > Russian Civil War > Flashcards

Russian Civil War Flashcards

1
Q

When was the Red army formed?

A

January 1918

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2
Q

When was the Treaty of Bret-Livotsk?

A

March 1918

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3
Q

When was the Civil war won?

A

November 1920

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4
Q

Who led the Reds?

A

Trotsky

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5
Q

How could you describe the Reds aim?

A

As one, united aim

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6
Q

How did the Reds use propaganda?

A

Effectively

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7
Q

Where did the Reds have control?

A

Control over the central industrialised area (Moscow, Petrograd and railway hub)

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8
Q

Which economic policy was used successfully throughout the civil war by the Reds?

A

War communism

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9
Q

Which policy did the Reds use to prevent unrest?

A

They used the Red Terror

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10
Q

How could you describe the Whites aim?

A

They all had different aims

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11
Q

Who made up the Whites? (3)

A

Multiple gorups including:

  • Liberals
  • SR’s
  • Tsarists
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12
Q

Which group were supported by foreign countries?

A

The whites

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13
Q

How did foreighn countries intervene?

A

They provided:

  • Weapons
  • Troops
  • Supplies
  • Money
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14
Q

How did the Whites use propaganda?

A

Poorly - the had a weak propaganda campaign

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15
Q

Where did the Whites have control?

A

They controlled a large, rural area

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16
Q

What was the leadership like in the Whites army?

A

Generals were untrustworthy and were divided over geographical factors

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17
Q

Who were the green army?

A

An army of peasants who fought to protect their land

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18
Q

What role do the Whites play in the civil war?

A

They are a irrelevant in the Civil War, and are crushed after the war by Lenin

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19
Q

Name three of the Whites generals:

A

Yudenich
Denikin
Kolchak

20
Q

Where did Kolchak lead his army?

A

In the west

21
Q

Where did Denikin lead his army?

A

In the south

22
Q

Where did Yudenich lead his army?

A

In the west

23
Q

How big was Yudenich’s army?

A

15,000 men

24
Q

What did Yudenich do with his army in the civil war?

A

He led his forces to the outskirts of Petrograd before being crushed by Red’s

25
Q

Which army had Cossacks within his forces?

A

Denikin

26
Q

What did Denikin do with his army in the civil war?

A

He intended to join his army up with Kolchak in the east, yet Stalin kept control of Tsaritsyn (crucial for grain surprise) preventing them from uniting.

27
Q

What does Denikin do in the summer 1919?

A

He launched an offensive coming close to Moscow

28
Q

Who saves the city when Denikin ayttempts to take control?

A

Trorsky

29
Q

What did Kolchak do with his army in the civil war?

A

At first he was successful, yet failed due to Red counter-attacks interquarrels and revolts staged by SR’s

30
Q

Why does Kolchaks force fail? (3)

A

Due to:

  • Red counter-attacks
  • Interquarrels
  • Revolts staged by SR’s
31
Q

Who was named war commissar in 1918?

A

Trotsky

32
Q

What does Trotsky do in the civil war?

A

He led the red Army throughout the Civil War

33
Q

What does Trostky do to the army? How?

A

He reformed and recreated the army by bringing back old Tsarist generals

34
Q

What would Trotsky do to maintain order in the army? (3)

A

He would:

  • Kidnap soldiers loved ones (to keep them loyal to Bolsheviks)
  • Used harsh discipline
  • Brought back the death-penalty
35
Q

What would Trotsky do to boost soldiers morale?

A

He would go to the front line

36
Q

Which attributes that Trotsky possesed kept spirits high? (3)

A

He was:

  • Enthusiastic
  • Upbeat
  • Determined
37
Q

Which countries interved in the war? (4)

A

Britain, France, Japan and America

38
Q

What event cuased the Red terror?

A

A failed assassination on Lenin

39
Q

When did the red terror begin?

A

1918

40
Q

Who were crucial in the Red terror?

A

The Cheka

41
Q

What happened in the Red terror?

A

Arrests and killings of many opposition groups

42
Q

What are the estimations of deaths throughout the Red terror?

A

300,000 deaths in the period

43
Q

What did the Bolsherviuks use as an excuse for their actions throughout the Red Terror?

A

Propaganda from the class war

44
Q

What led to uncertainty for who was the enemy?

A

The fact that anyone that was open to being arrested

45
Q

What was the most notable event in the red terror?

A

The Tsar’s families murder

46
Q

How were the Tsars family killed?

A

They were shot and gassed

47
Q

How did the Tsars murder weaken their enemy?

A

As it led to the end of the Tsarists fighting in the war

Russia (22 decks)

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