Bolshevik Economic policies

Question 1

As part of War communism, what are three key policies? (3)

Answer 1

• Grain requisitioning
• Private trade was banned
• Nationalisation in industry’s of key resources

Question 2

Provide an example of industries which were nationalised? (2)

Answer 2

Coal and oil

Question 3

Why was grain requisitioning introduced?

Answer 3

So it could be distributed across the country

Question 4

What were some features of life throughout War Communism? (2)

Answer 4

• High labour discipline

- Rationing

Question 5

How was the Soviet economy in ruins in 1921? (4)

Answer 5

• Transport system on verge of collapse
• Factories undersupplied
• Grain production had fallen
• Famine was widespread

Question 6

During the Economic hard times, what did the peasants do?

Answer 6

They conducted a set of revolts which had to be dispersed

Question 7

What were peasants angered by?

Answer 7

Grain requisitioning

Question 8

What causes food demonstrations in January 1921?

Answer 8

Bread rations being cut by ⅓

Question 9

Who had to be deployed to disperse food demonstrations?

Answer 9

The CHEKA

Question 10

What was the result of the January 1921 food demonstrations?

Answer 10

Widespread strikes

Question 11

When did the Kronstadt sailors decided to declare independence?

Answer 11

When the sailors heard of the issues in the city

Question 12

What did the Kronstadt sailors want? (4)

Answer 12

• Independence from the Bolshevik regime
• New elections
• Freedom of speech
• Freedom of press

Question 13

What did the Kronstadt sailors fail to get?

Answer 13

Support

Question 14

When were the Krondstatd sailors defeated?

Answer 14

On Lenin’s second attack as on his first attack the sailors defended their base

Question 15

What did the Krondstadt sailors uprising represnt?

Answer 15

That war communism had failed

Question 16

What replaced war communsim?

Answer 16

NEP (New Economic Policy)

Question 17

As part of NEP, what are three key policies? (3)

Answer 17

• Grain requisitioning abolished
• Public trade ban removed
• Rationing abolished

Question 18

As part of NEP, what was still under state control? (2)

Answer 18

Large industry and transport

Question 19

How much did Factory ouptut increase by?

Answer 19

200%

Question 20

How much did grain production increase by?

Answer 20

40%

Question 21

During NEP what was stabliushed and what did this lead to?

Answer 21

The GPU (secret police) was established leading to attacks on political rivals occurred

Question 22

During NEP what was widespread?

Answer 22

Censorship

Question 23

During NEP what began?

Answer 23

Show trials began

Question 24

Who were put on show trials?

Answer 24

SR’s

Question 25

What was attacked as part of NEP?

Answer 25

Churches

Question 26

What happened to peasnats revolt throughout NEP?

Answer 26

They were crushed

Question 27

Why did the government have to take control of industries during NEP?

Answer 27

Due to a collapse of industries in the Civil War

Question 28

What percentage of industries were nationalised during NEP?

Answer 28

80%

Question 29

What was extremely important during NEP?

Answer 29

Government control of grain

Question 30

What key policy was introduced in 1921?

Answer 30

A ban on fractions

Question 31

What did the ban of factions mean?

Answer 31

It meant that once policy accepted by central committee all members expected to accept it

Question 32

Within th party what was the result of the civil war?

Answer 32

The party was mainly made up of new members

Question 33

How does the introduction of new mebers following the civil war affect party politics?

Answer 33

The new members were willing to accept any decision