The Eye Flashcards

1.2

1
Q

which part of brain is dedicated to vision?

A

occipital lobe

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2
Q

schlera

A

thick structural layer which covers the exposed portion of the eye
white of the eye

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3
Q

What are two blood vessels going into the eye?

A

choroidal & retinal vessel

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4
Q

retina

A

contains photoreceptors that turn the light into electrical signals

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5
Q

cornea

A

A clear window which gathers and focuses the incoming light onto the eye

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6
Q

iris

A

colored part of the eye

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7
Q

anterior chamber

A

lies in front of the iris

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8
Q

Posterior chamber

A

Lies between the iris and the lens

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9
Q

dilator pupillae

A

muscle of Iris
makes pupil bigger after receiving signal from ‘fight or flight’ system

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10
Q

Constrictor pupilae

A

constricts pupil after receiving signal from ‘rest and digest’ system

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11
Q

Aqueous humor

A

fluid made by ciliary body
Fills the front part of the eye; drains out from a channel (canal of schlemm)

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12
Q

ciliary body

A

A ring of tissue behind the iris

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13
Q

Lens

A

controls how light enters the eye (bends or refracted

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14
Q

Accomodation

A

Helps eye focus on objects on different distances

Contracts muscle to constrict the pupil during ‘rest & digest’; pulls suspensory ligaments

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15
Q

Ciliary muscle

A

under parasympathetic control; component of ciliary body

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16
Q

Vitreous

A

a clear gel that helps keep retina in place

17
Q

Duplexity/duplicity theory of vision

A

states that retina contains two kinds of photoreceptors

those specialized for light and dark
those specialized for color detection

18
Q

cones
what are the forms of cones? how many?
name them

A

for color and fine details
Most effective in bright light
Comes in three forms: short (blue), medium (green), long (red)

19
Q

Rods

A

More functional and sense light and dark
Low sensitivity to details; No color vision

20
Q

Rhodopsin

A

the single pigment of rods

21
Q

Fovea

A

center point of macula (center of retina) that contains only cones

22
Q

bipolar cells

A

Rods and cones connect to these cells.
They help to highlight differences between adjacent rods or cones

23
Q

ganglion cells

A

Bipolar cells connect to ganglion cells.
These cells group together to form the optic nerve, which sends visual information to your brain

24
Q

where are horizontal cells and bipolar cells located ?

A

they are located in front of the rods and cones, closer to the front of the eye.

25
why does color vision can see more detail than black and white vision ?
fewer cones connect to a single ganglion cell than rods
26
Parallel Processing
being able to easily recognize and understand what is happening because of the color, shape, and motion
27
spatial resolution
Very fine details of an object
28
parvocellular cells
Cells that detect shape; that have a very high color spatial resolution
29
temporal resolution
refers to how quickly something can change or happen over time.
30
Magnocellular cells
detect motion have low temporal resolution
31
Visual Cortex
Region of the cerebral cortex located in the occupital lobe of the brain Processes visual information received from the eyes
32
optic chiasm
Forest event as the signal travels through the optic nerves towards the brain Spot in the brain where optic nerves cross each other
33
lateral geniculate nucleus
Structure in the thalamus role in visual pathway Broadcasts information from the retina to the visual cortex
34
Sympathetic nervous system
dial its pupil for fight or flight allowing more light
35
Parasympathetic nervous system
Constricts pupil to restrict light
36
Eustachian tube
joins ear and nose