The Effects of Systemic Disease on the CVS

Question 1

Glycation Process

Answer 1

proteins are bound to by sugar and cause functional changes in enzyme activity and causes increased vulnerability to oxidative stress

Question 2

early glycation products

Answer 2

cause oxidative damage and inflammatory reactions

Question 3

AGES, from weeks to months

Answer 3

cross linked structural proteins, collagen

this causes excelerated vascular damage

Question 4

familial hyperlipidaemias

Answer 4

more lipids - more reactive = more ROS = more vascular damage = damage to the hart

Question 5

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Answer 5

causes emphysema and holes in the lung tissue, this causes shunted blood, decreased alveolar surface area and thus increasing TPR

Question 6

AMYLOIDOSIS

Answer 6

This is the abnormal packaging of protein into beta pleated sheets

Question 7

what are the two types of amyloid disease

Answer 7

AL(amyloid light chain) - either due to plasma cell neoplasm (such as a melanoma ) or because of a chronic inflammatory disorder (AA)

AA - saa related to c-reactive protein (the acute phase proteins in inflammation) = chronic sepsis = SAA produced in the liver forms amyloid