The Economic Perspective & The Motivational Perspective

Question 1

Actual competition for resources or competing goals between groups leads to conflict that then fosters stereotyping and prejudice

Answer 1

Realistic group conflict theory

Question 2

Step 1: formation of the ingroup
Groups of boys at camp

Step 2: competition with the outgroup
Baseball games

Step 3: cooperation between the groups

hostility can arise between two groups in conflict and competition for scarce resources

Answer 2

The Robbers cave experiment

Question 3

Student divided into multi-ethnic and multi-ability groups. Each student given ⅙ of material (equal share) for the upcoming test. Students must rely on each other to learn all of the material

Afterwards, students:

• More positive attitudes toward different ethnicities
• Better academic performance
• Increase in self-esteem
  Greater empathy

Answer 3

The “Jigsaw” classroom

Question 4

Even arbitrary groups were enough to induce discrimination

• People think the ingroup has more similar beliefs to them
• People allocate resources unfairly

This can’t be explained by resources alone (because the participant didn’t receive any benefits personally)

Option 1: $3 to in-group, $4 to out-group

Option 2: $2 to in-group, $1 to out-group

Answer 4

Minimal group paradigm

Question 5

Part of our self-concept can come from group membership
- Go Blue!

Use membership to maintain positive self-view

• Wolverines are awesome = I am awesome!

Answer 5

social identity theory

Question 6

a self-serving cognition whereby an individual associates themselves with known successful others such that the winner’s success becomes the individual’s own accomplishment.

Answer 6

Basking in reflected glory

Question 7

tendency to favor one’s group (the in-group)

Answer 7

in-group bias