Leadership

Question 1

Groups tend to quickly evolve into hierarchies because:

• Having leaders helps solve problems inherent in group living

Answer 1

leadership and power in groups

Question 2

• Improve group coordination by imposing order/structure
• Division of resources
• Allocation of tasks so everyone contributes a fair share

Answer 2

Determinants of leadership

Question 3

• High Power Individuals: pursue personal goals and make quick (sometimes rash) judgments. Less concern about how others evaluate them, so more inclined to go after their desires
• Low Power Individuals: constrain personal behaviors and pay careful attention to other

Answer 3

Approach(increased rewards and freedom) /inhibition (increased threat, punishment) theory

Question 4

A collection of individuals who have relations to one another that make them interdependent to some significant degree

• ex. People who share an elevator with you vs people who are trapped in the same elevator as you

Answer 4

what is a group?

Question 5

Even arbitrary and virtually meaningless distinctions between groups can trigger a tendency to favor one’s own group at the expense of others

Answer 5

Minimal group paradigm
(in an experiment participants are divided into groups A and B for an arbitrary reason such as shirt type or color preference. After being distributed into arbitrary groups individuals will begin to show favoritism to members of their group and prejudice towards members of other groups)

Question 6

shared expectations in a group about how particular people are supposed to behave (example; zimbardo’s stanford prison experiment, 1971)

Answer 6

social roles

Question 7

We perceive this sameness regardless of whether the outgroup is another religion, race, sex, nationality, profession, or any other group.

ex. women may believe that all men are cheaters

Answer 7

Outgroup homogeneity effect