***The Dimensions of Human Communication (Ch.1)*** Flashcards
The most common American English dialects:
Standard American English (textbooks, TV)
__ regional dialects
_________ American English
_______ English
_________ English
The most common American English dialects:
Standard American English (textbooks, TV)
10 regional dialects
African American English
Asian English
Latino English
Knowing about child language development is important so we can recgonize what is typical and what is not typical so we can intervene as early as possible in children’s lives.
Over __% of america’s prisoners cant read above a __th grade level.
Knowing about child language development is important so we can recgonize what is typical and what is not typical so we can intervene as early as possible in children’s lives.
Over 70% of america’s prisoners cant read above a 4th grade level.
Linguistics is the study of ___________. We are most concerned with 2 types:
_____________ describes language variations based on social and cultural variables.
_____________ linguistics describes the nature of emerging language in child’s language acquisition
Linguistics is the study of language. We are most concerned with 2 types:
Sociolinguistics describes language variations based on social and cultural variables.
Developmental linguistics describes the nature of emerging language in child’s language acquisition
____________ is the exchange of information and ideas, needs, and desires between 2 or more individuals. it is a tool for _______ action and tries to __________ something.
____________ ___________ is the degree to which the speaker is successful in communicating appropriately and effectively
Communication is the exchange of information and ideas, needs, and desires between 2 or more individuals. it is a tool for social action and tries to accomplish something.
Communicative competence is the degree to which the speaker is successful in communicating appropriately and effectively
____________ cues in communication include gestures, head and body movement, eye contact, facial expression, and body posture (varies based on culture)
_____________ cues are pauses, prosody, intonation (pitch), and stress.
Nonlinguistic cues in communication include gestures, head and body movement, eye contact, facial expression, and body posture (varies based on culture)
Paralinguistic cues are pauses, prosody, intonation (pitch), and stress.
____________ skills are the ability to talk about language, analyze it, think about it, judge it, and see it as an entity separate from its content or out of context
Metalinguistic skills are the ability to talk about language, analyze it, think about it, judge it, and see it as an entity separate from its content or out of context
__________ is a verbal means of communicating. It involves precision in planning and executing specific sequences.
___________ is a system of symbols used to represent concepts formed through __________ and ___________.
Ex: To define “zoo” to a child, if she has been to a zoo she learns the word zoo that goes with the.
Speech is a verbal means of communicating. It involves precision in planning and executing specific sequences.
Language is a system of symbols used to represent concepts formed through exposure and experience.
Ex: To define “zoo” to a child, if she has been to a zoo she learns the word zoo that goes with the concept.
The 3 properties of language:
1) ________ tool
2) ______ governed system w/underlying rules or patterns that occur repeatedly.
3) It is __________
The 3 properties of language:
1) Social tool
2) Rule governed system w/underlying rules or patterns that occur repeatedly.
3) It is generative
Linguistic __________ is a language user’s underlying knowledge about the system of rules. It cannot be measured _________. We can only directly measure linguistic ___________
Linguistic ___________ is linguistic knowledge in action (what we can observe)
Language is __________. Using a ________ set of rules and words, speakers can generate an __________ number of __________.
Linguistic competence is a language user’s underlying knowledge about the system of rules. It cannot be measured directly. We can only directly measure linguistic performance
Linguistic performance is linguistic knowledge in action (what we can observe)
Language is generative. Using a finite set of rules and words, speakers can generate an infinite number of sentences.
__________ is the aspect of language concerned with the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and shape of syllables
___________ is concerned with the internal organization of words. Words consist of __________. Free morphemes are __________ and can stand alone. Bound morphemes cannot function _____________—must be __________ to free morphemes
Phonology is the aspect of language concerned with the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and shape of syllables
Morphology is concerned with the internal organization of words. Words consist of morphemes. Free morphemes are independent and can stand alone. Bound morphemes cannot function independently—must be attached to free morphemes
___________ morphemes inculde prefixes, suffixes, and change whole classes of words.
Ex: Happy - Happily
adjective to adverb
____________ morphemes are suffixes only and change the _______ or increase the __________ of the free morpheme. They are things like plural –__, past tense -__. and -___
Derivational morphemes inculde prefixes, suffixes, and change whole classes of words.
Ex: Happy - Happily
adjective to adverb
Inflectional morphemes are suffixes only and change the state or increase the precision of the free morpheme. They are things like plural –s, past tense -ed. and -ing
The new Common Core State Standards really emphasize ___ skills
The new Common Core State Standards really emphasize MA skills
_________ is the form or structure of a sentence (word order). Every sentence has a noun phrase and a verb phrase.
Semantics is composed of:
- ________ knowledge
Person’s ______________ and experiential ____________ and memory of particular events
- _______ knowledge
Verbal and contains word and symbol ____________
Syntax is the form or structure of a sentence (word order). Every sentence has a noun phrase and a verb phrase.
Semantics is composed of:
- World knowledge
Person’s autobiographical and experiential understanding and memory of particular events
- Word knowledge
Verbal and contains word and symbol definitions
In therapy for language impaired (LI) students, we might introduce “________” words as _________ for less complex variations.
tired - fatigued
tasty - delicious
In therapy for language impaired (LI) students, we might introduce “college” words as synonyms for less complex variations.
tired - fatigued
tasty - delicious
Antonyms are opposites.
_________ antonyms have no middle ground (alive vs. dead)
___________ antonyms represent 2 different points on a continuum (attractive vs. homely…ie. ______)
Antonyms are opposites.
Binary antonyms have no middle ground (alive vs. dead)
Gradable antonyms represent 2 different points on a continuum (attractive vs. homely…ie. Mary)
