***Neurological Bases of Speech and Language*** Flashcards
Neuroscience focuses on two aspects of the central nervous system:
- ______________, or where structures are located
- _______________, or HOW the brain functions
Neuroscience focuses on two aspects of the central nervous system:
- Neuronanatomy, or where structures are located
- Neurophysiology, or HOW the brain functions
_______________ is the study of the neuroanatomy, physiology, and biochemistry of language
Neurolinguistics is the study of the neuroanatomy, physiology, and biochemistry of language
___________ are the basic units of the CNS
The CNS is composed of the _______ and the _________ cord
The PNS conducts impulses _________ or _______ from CNS. There are __ cranial nerves and __ spinal nerves.
Neurons are the basic units of the CNS.
The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord
The PNS conducts impulses toward or away from CNS. There are 12 cranial nerves and 31 spinal nerves.
The Cerebellum is at the ______ of the brain, coordinates ______ and _________ motor activities. It infuences ___________ processing and higher cognitive and __________ functions
Helps monitor __ (ability to manage several different tasks to reach a particular objective), __________ memory and __________ attention.
The Cerebellum is at the base of the brain, coordinates fine and complex motor activities. It infuences langugage processing and higher cognitive and emotional functions
Helps monitor EF (ability to manage several different tasks to reach a particular objective), working memory and divided attention.
The cerebrum is the _________ portion of your brain, accounting for __% of its weight and is divided into _____ and ______ hemispheres.
The PFC handles EF, control, _____________, and synthesis of _________ and _________ information.
The cerebrum is the largest portion of your brain, accounting for 40% of its weight and is divided into left and right hemispheres.
The PFC handles EF, control, organization, and synthesis of sensory and motor information.
The frontal lobe’s main function is _________, motor skills, higher level __________, and __________ language.
The parietal lobe’s main function is processing __________, and _________ information such as pressure, touch and pain.
The occipital lobe’s main function is to interpret _________ stimuli
The frontal lobe’s main function is reasoning, motor skills, higher level cognition, and expressive language.
The parietal lobe’s main function is processing tactile, and sensory information such as pressure, touch and pain.
The occipital lobe’s main function is to interpret visual stimuli
The temporal lobe’s main function is interpreting _________, and __________.
The ____________ is located here and is heavily associated with memory formation.
The temporal lobe’s main function is interpreting sounds, and language.
The hippocampus is located here and is heavily associated with memory formation.
The left and right hemispheres are connected by the _________ _________. Special functions are usually ___________ toward one hemisphere
The left and right hemispheres are connected by the corpus callosum. Special functions are usually lateralized toward one hemisphere
The right hemisphere is dominant for the ability to understand _________, humor, and ___________ language. Also responsible for ____________ processing (facial recognition) and comprehension of speech _________ and ________
Right Brain Functions
____ awareness
___________
imagination
___________
insight
__________ thought
_________ awareness
__-__ forms
______ hand control
The right hemisphere is dominant for the ability to understand emotion, humor, and figurative language. Also responsible for visuospatial processing (facial recognition) and comprehension of speech prosody and affect
Right Brain Functions
art awareness
creativity
imagination
intuition
insight
holistic thought
music awareness
3-D forms
left hand control
The left hemisphere is dominant for _____ by ______ processing, _______, and _______ and ________ language
Left Brain Functions
_________ thought
________
langauge
reasoning
__________ and math
writing
_________ skills
_______ hand control
The left hemisphere is dominant for step by step processing, math, and oral and written language
Left Brain Functions
analytic thought
logic
langauge
reasoning
science and math
writing
number skills
right hand control
Auditory signals received in brainstem are relayed to _________ ________. This area separates incoming info and differentiates __________ linguistic info from insignificant ________.
Linguistic input is sent to the _______ _________ lobe and paralinguistic input (_________, ________, role, ________) is sent to the ________ _________ lobe.
Auditory signals received in brainstem are relayed to Herschl’s Gyrus. This area separates incoming info and differentiates significant linguistic info from insignificant noise.
Linguistic input is sent to the left temporal lobe and paralinguistic input (intonation, stress, role, rhythm) is sent to the right temporal lobe.
Broca’s area programs the ________ strip for _________ movements. Wernicke’s area is involved in the production of written and spoken __________. These structures are connected by the _________ ___________
Broca’s area programs the motor strip for speech movements. Wernicke’s area is involved in the production of written and spoken language. These structures are connected by the arcuate fasciculus
Working memory is in _________ and other associated areas. It holds a _________ during processing, controls __________, and is important for higher __________ and cognitive tasks.
Working memory is essential in the acquisition of complex __________ skills and vocabulary and __________ skills. It is absolutely crucial to success in _________.
Working memory is in Broca’s and other associated areas. It holds a message during processing, controls attention, and is important for higher language and cognitive tasks.
Working memory is essential in the acquisition of complex academic skills and vocabulary and literacy skills. It is absolutely crucial to success in school.
