the digestive system Flashcards
(28 cards)
what are the parts of the gi tract
mouth pharynx oesophagus stomach small intestines large intestine
what are the accessory structures
teeth tounge gallbladder digestive glands liver liver pancreas salivary glands
what are the 6 digestive processes
ingestion
propulsion
mechanical digestion chemical digestion absorption
defecation
parts to the salivary gland
parotid gland
sublingual gland
submandibular gland
parts of the large intestine
transverse colon desending colon assending colon cecum sigmoid colon rectum vermiform appendix anal canal
parts of the small intestine
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
describe the mouth
musoca lined cavity lined with stratified squamous epithelium
parts of the mouth
soft palate palatoglossal arch hard palate uvula oral cavity palatine tonsil tongue oropharynx lingual tonsil epiglottis hyoid bone laryngopharynx oesophagus
describe the hard palate
bony plate of skull corrugated
describe the soft palate
muscular non bony soft tissue closes off the back of the nasal passage during swallowing
describe the uvula
end of the soft palate strong gag reflex helps prevent food from entering pharynx prematurely
functions of the tongue
repositioning and mixing food during chewing
formation of the bolus
initiation of swallowing speech and taste
what muscle changes the shape of the tongue
intrinsic
what muscle alters the tongues position
extrinsic
what are the sensory receptor cells on tongue called
papillae
what attaches the tounge to the floor of the mouth
lingual frenulum
functions of the mouth
1 mechanical digestion grasps and manipulates food teeth shred and tear the tongue forms bolus of food and moves it back to oropharynx stimulating swallowing
2 lubricates food with saliva and mucus
3 chemical digestion secretion of enzymes
4 sensory organ eg gustatory sense
5 cleansing lysozymes kill bacteria
functions of teeth
chewing and mechanical digestion
describe the tongue
composed mainly of skeletal muscle
the underside of the tounge is called
the dorsum
what are the 2 parts of the tongue
1 oral part
2 pharyngeal part
what are the functions of the tongue
1 mechanical processing 2 manipulation 3 secretion mucins enzyme lingual lipase 4 speech 5 sensory analysis touch temperature taste
feature specialised to the papilae
filiform give tongue roughness and provide friction
fungiform taste buds
circumvallate v shaped row in the back of tongue serous secretion
foliate short vertical folds on the sides of tonges
functions of the salivary glands
1 lubricates and dissolves food chemicals
2 digests catabolises enzymes
3 cleanses lysozymes
4 aids in bolus formation
