the digestive system

Question 1

what are the parts of the gi tract

Answer 1

mouth pharynx oesophagus stomach small intestines large intestine

Question 2

what are the accessory structures

Answer 2

teeth tounge gallbladder digestive glands liver liver pancreas salivary glands

Question 3

what are the 6 digestive processes

Answer 3

ingestion
propulsion
mechanical digestion chemical digestion absorption
defecation

Question 4

parts to the salivary gland

Answer 4

parotid gland
sublingual gland
submandibular gland

Question 5

parts of the large intestine

Answer 5

transverse colon desending colon assending colon cecum 
sigmoid colon
rectum 
vermiform appendix 
anal canal

Question 6

parts of the small intestine

Answer 6

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Question 7

describe the mouth

Answer 7

musoca lined cavity lined with stratified squamous epithelium

Question 8

parts of the mouth

Answer 8

soft palate 
palatoglossal arch 
hard palate 
uvula 
oral cavity 
palatine tonsil
tongue 
oropharynx 
lingual tonsil
epiglottis 
hyoid bone 
laryngopharynx 
oesophagus

Question 9

describe the hard palate

Answer 9

bony plate of skull corrugated

Question 10

describe the soft palate

Answer 10

muscular non bony soft tissue closes off the back of the nasal passage during swallowing

Question 11

describe the uvula

Answer 11

end of the soft palate strong gag reflex helps prevent food from entering pharynx prematurely

Question 12

functions of the tongue

Answer 12

repositioning and mixing food during chewing
formation of the bolus
initiation of swallowing speech and taste

Question 13

what muscle changes the shape of the tongue

Answer 13

intrinsic

Question 14

what muscle alters the tongues position

Answer 14

extrinsic

Question 15

what are the sensory receptor cells on tongue called

Answer 15

papillae

Question 16

what attaches the tounge to the floor of the mouth

Answer 16

lingual frenulum

Question 17

functions of the mouth

Answer 17

1 mechanical digestion grasps and manipulates food teeth shred and tear the tongue forms bolus of food and moves it back to oropharynx stimulating swallowing
2 lubricates food with saliva and mucus
3 chemical digestion secretion of enzymes
4 sensory organ eg gustatory sense
5 cleansing lysozymes kill bacteria

Question 18

functions of teeth

Answer 18

chewing and mechanical digestion

Question 19

describe the tongue

Answer 19

composed mainly of skeletal muscle

Question 20

the underside of the tounge is called

Answer 20

the dorsum

Question 21

what are the 2 parts of the tongue

Answer 21

1 oral part

2 pharyngeal part

Question 22

what are the functions of the tongue

Answer 22

1 mechanical processing 
2 manipulation 
3 secretion mucins enzyme lingual lipase 
4 speech 
5 sensory analysis
touch temperature taste

Question 23

feature specialised to the papilae

Answer 23

filiform give tongue roughness and provide friction
fungiform taste buds
circumvallate v shaped row in the back of tongue serous secretion
foliate short vertical folds on the sides of tonges

Question 24

functions of the salivary glands

Answer 24

1 lubricates and dissolves food chemicals
2 digests catabolises enzymes
3 cleanses lysozymes
4 aids in bolus formation

Question 25

what and where does the parotid secret

Answer 25

watery secretion to the molars in the mouth

Question 26

what and where does the submaxillary secret

Answer 26

duct a the lingual frenulum mixed watery mucous secretion

Question 27

where and what does the sublingual secrete

Answer 27

opens via 10-12 ducts on the floor of the tongue predominantly mucus based secretion

Question 28

what is the composition of saliva

Answer 28

water 97-99 slightly acidic solution containing electrolytes salivary amylase lingual lipase mucin metabolic waste lysozyme defensins and a cyanide compound against microorganisms