epithelium tissue

Question 1

what are the main two types of epithelial tissue

Answer 1

covering and lining epithelia and glandular epithelia

Question 2

what are the unique characteristics of epithelial tissue

Answer 2

cells have polarity apical and basal surfaces apical can have microvilli or cilia noncellular basal lamina of glycoproteins and collagen lies adjacent to basal surface
cells are closely packed in continuous sheets held together by tight junctions and desmosomes

Question 3

what are the unique characteristics of epithelial tissue

Answer 3

avascular but innervated
high rate of regeneration
supported by a connective tissue reticular lamina

Question 4

stratified vs simple

Answer 4

simple = 1 layer thick stratified = 2 or more layers thick

Question 5

describe simple squamous epithelium

Answer 5

single layer of flattened cells with disc shaped nucli and sparse cytoplasm

Question 6

describe the functions squamous epithelium

Answer 6

allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important and secretes lubricating substances in serosae

Question 7

location squamous epithelium

Answer 7

kidney glomeruli air sacs of lungs lining of heart blood vessels lining of ventral body cavity serosae

Question 8

describe simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 8

single layer of cube like cells with large spherical central nuclei

Question 9

function of simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 9

secretion and absorption

Question 10

location of simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 10

kidney tubules ducts and secretory portion of small glands ovary surface

Question 11

description of simple columnar epithelium

Answer 11

single layer of tall cells with round to oval nuclei some cells bear cilia may contain mucus secreting goblet cells

Question 12

function simple columnar epithelium

Answer 12

absorption secretion of mucus enzymes and other substances the cilia propels mucus by ciliary action

Question 13

location of simple columnar epithelium

Answer 13

nonciliated - digestive tract gallblader

ciliated- bronchi uterine tubes and some regions of the uterus

Question 14

describe the pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Answer 14

single layer of long cells may contain secreting cells and bear cillia

Question 15

function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Answer 15

secretion particularly of mucus propulsion of mucus by ciliary action

Question 16

location of pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Answer 16

non ciliated - male sperm duct and large ducts

ciliated - trachea

Question 17

description of stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 17

thick membrane basal layer of cuboidal or columnar cells with metabolic action top layer of dead keratins cells

Question 18

function of stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 18

protects underlying tissue in areas of wear and tear

Question 19

location of stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 19

nonkeratinized- moist lining of oesophagus vagina

keratinised- skin

Question 20

describe the traditional epithelium

Answer 20

resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal surface have dome shaped depending on degree of stretch

Question 21

function of traditional epithelium

Answer 21

stretch readily and distension of urine

Question 22

location of traditional epithelium

Answer 22

lines the ureters urinary bladder and parts of the urethra

Question 23

which cells often become specialised as gland cells

Answer 23

columnar and cuboidal

Question 24

how are glands classified

Answer 24

by site of product release eg exocrine or endocrine

no of cells forming the gland eg unicellular goblet cell or multicellular eg salivarly glands

Question 25

what is the difference between exo and endo crine glands

Answer 25

exocrine =release inot blood and are ductless hormones
endocrine = release onto surface ducted
sweat

Question 26

functions of the epithelial tissue

Answer 26

protection-mechanical chemical invadingf bacteria or exessive water loss
sensation- stimuli penetrate epithelia cells eg skin
secretion - glands
absorption - lining of the IS absorb nutrients
CLEANING CILIA REMOVE dust
reducees friction the smooth tightly interlocking epithelial cells that line the circulatory system reduce friction between blood and walls
diffusion- gases liquids and nutrients
excretion - kidneys excrete waste eg sweat