connective tissue

Question 1

functions of CT

Answer 1

support 
binding 
packing 
separation 
protection 
insulation 
production of blood cells

Question 2

characteristics unique to CT

Answer 2

common origin in mesenchyme
vascularity
ECM

Question 3

what can the matrix in CT be made of

Answer 3

1. fibre non living collagen elastin fibrillin scleroprotein
2. ground tissue
   interstisial fluid cell adhesion proteins proteoglycans may be fluid semi fluid gelitanous fibrous calcified

Question 4

describe collagen

Answer 4

some flexibility great strength form parallel thick bundles

Question 5

describe elastin

Answer 5

smaller thinner and yellow great elasticity and flexibility branches form cross connections in skin blood vessel walls and lungs

Question 6

describe reticular

Answer 6

short fine highly branched collagenous fibres coated with glycoprotein form a network called stroma

Question 7

name the ground substances

Answer 7

hyaluronic acid - viscous liquid that binds aids phagocytes migration
chondroitin sulphate - jelly like for support or adhesiveness in cartilage bone shin blood
dermatin sulphate - shin tendons blood heart
keratin sulphate- bone cartilage cornea

Question 8

name the cells in the CT

Answer 8

immature 
-fibroblast 
-osteoblast
-chondroblast 
mature 
- macrophages 
-mast 
-adipocytes 
-melanocytes 
-mesenchyme
-plasma

Question 9

whats the difference between cytes and blast

Answer 9

cytes Reduced capacity for mitosis & matrix production – Functions in maintenance of the matrix
blast capacity for mitosis & they secrete the matrix

Question 10

describe fibroblasts

Answer 10

large big ER and golgi secrete ECM found along the fibers they synthesis proliferation and migrate to site of injury

Question 11

describe macrophages

Answer 11

develop from WBC large engulf bacteria

Question 12

describe plasma

Answer 12

small round cells b lymphocytes secrete antibodies

Question 13

describe mast cells

Answer 13

secretory granule immune cells found along blood vessels produce histamine and proteases which dilate small blood vessels

Question 14

describe melanocytes

Answer 14

specialised areas like skin and eyes densely packed with melanin granules protecting UV radiation

Question 15

describe adipocytes

Answer 15

lipid in cell in form of cygnet shape shock absorbers insulate energy effector cells for insulin

Question 16

describe mesenchyme

Answer 16

reserve for un differentiated cells can be stimulated to develop into any of the above cells

Question 17

describe loose CT areolar

Answer 17

gel like matrix with all 3 fiber types fibroblast macrophages mast cells and some WBC

Question 18

function of loose CT areolar

Answer 18

wraps and cushion organs inflammation

Question 19

location of loose CT areolar

Answer 19

epithelia of body surrounds capillaries

Question 20

describe loose CT adipose

Answer 20

closely packed adipocytes

Question 21

function of loose CT adipose

Answer 21

reserve food fuel insulate support protect organs

Question 22

location of loose CT adipose

Answer 22

hypodermis of skin eyeballs breast

Question 23

description of the loose CT reticular

Answer 23

network of reticular fibres in a typical loose ground substance

Question 24

functions of the loose CT reticular

Answer 24

short internal skeleton that supports other cell types including WBC mast cells and macrophages

Question 25

location of the loose CT reticular

Answer 25

lymphoid organ

Question 26

description of the dense ct regular

Answer 26

parallel collagen fibres major cell type fibroblast

Question 27

funtions of the dense ct regular

Answer 27

attaches muscle to bone or muscle to muscle withstand great force

Question 28

location of the dense ct regular

Answer 28

tendons ligaments

Question 29

description of the dense irregular

Answer 29

irregularly arranged collagen some elastic fibres cell types is the fibroblast

Question 30

function of the dense ct irregular

Answer 30

structural strength withstand tension

Question 31

location of dense ct irregular

Answer 31

dermis of skin fibrous capsules of organ

Question 32

elastic tissue description

Answer 32

high proportion of elastic fibres

Question 33

Functions of elastic tissue

Answer 33

allow recoil of tissues following stretching maintain pulsatile flow of blood through arteries

Question 34

location of elastic tissue

Answer 34

walls of arteries within certain ligaments associated with the vertebral column bronchial tube walls

Question 35

what are the 3 main types of cartilage

Answer 35

fibours elatic hyaline

Question 36

what are the 3 main types of bone

Answer 36

spongy membranous compact

Question 37

describe cartilage

Answer 37

cells embodied in matrix of chondroid which is deposited by chondroblasts covered by perichondrium resilient and flexible capable of enduring stress smooth little friction no bloog supply diffusion

Question 38

hyaline description

Answer 38

collagen fibres form a network chondroblast produce the matrix

Question 39

functions of hyaline

Answer 39

support reinforcement resilience

Question 40

location of the hyaline

Answer 40

costal cartilage nose cartilage

Question 41

describe the fibrocartilage

Answer 41

similar matrix to hyaline but less firm thick collagen fibres

Question 42

function of the fibrocartilage

Answer 42

strength with the ability to absorb shock

Question 43

location of the fibrocartilage

Answer 43

intervertebral discs

Question 44

describe the elastic cartilage

Answer 44

similar to hyaline cartilage but more elastic in matric

Question 45

function of elastic cartilage

Answer 45

maintains shape and structure while allowing great flexibility

Question 46

location of elastic cartilage

Answer 46

ear pinna

Question 47

bone osseous description

Answer 47

hard calcified matrix containing many collagen fibres well vassalized

Question 48

bone function

Answer 48

support levers stores calcium and other minerals and fat in marrow