cardiovascular system

Question 1

where is the heart located

Answer 1

thoracic cavityon the superior face of the diaphragm anterior to vertebral column flanked by the lungs posterior to sternum

Question 2

where does the left side of the heart circulate blood to

Answer 2

systemic system

Question 3

where does the right side circulate blood to

Answer 3

pulmonary system

Question 4

what controls the electronic impulses of the heart

Answer 4

cardiac conduction system

Question 5

what is the heart covered by

Answer 5

pericardium

Question 6

average weight of heart

Answer 6

female 250-300g male 300-350g

Question 7

between which intercostal space is the heart located

Answer 7

2nd and 5th intercostal space

Question 8

functions of the pericardium

Answer 8

tough collagenous covering which protects anchors and prevents overfilling 2 layers deep

Question 9

what is the lining of the fibrous pericardium called

Answer 9

serous parietal pericardium

Question 10

what is between the serous parietal pericardium and the fibrous pericardium and what’s its function

Answer 10

pericardial fluid

decrease friction

Question 11

what is the third layer of the pericardium called and what’s its function

Answer 11

the serous visceral pericardium

to adhere to the heart surface

Question 12

what are the 3 structures of the heart wall

Answer 12

epicardium myocardium

endocardium

Question 13

what is the myocardium and what are its functions

Answer 13

spiral bundles of cardiac muscle tissue connective tissue and blood vessels

• -anchors cardiac muscle fibres
• -support great vessels and valves
• -limits spread of action potential to specific paths

Question 14

describe the endocardium

Answer 14

simple squamous epithelium continuous with endothelium of blood vessels

Question 15

what separated the 2 atria and 2 ventricles

Answer 15

septum

Question 16

what is the atrioventricular groove

Answer 16

encircles the junction of the atria and ventricles

Question 17

what are the walls of the atria made of

Answer 17

pectinate muscles

Question 18

what vessels enter right atrium

Answer 18

superior vena cava inferior vena cave coronary sinus

Question 19

vessels entering the left atrium

Answer 19

right and left pulmonary veins

Question 20

what are the walls of the ventricles made of

Answer 20

trabeculae carneae

Question 21

what are the muscle projectiles in the ventricular cavities

Answer 21

papillary muscles

Question 22

vessels leaving the right ventricle

Answer 22

pulmonary trunk

Question 23

vessels leaving the left ventricles

Answer 23

aorta

Question 24

describe the cardiac muscle

Answer 24

striated short fat branches aerobic interwoven auto rhythmic with numerous mitochondria connected to the fibrous skeleton by the CT martix

Question 25

how are valves supported

Answer 25

chordae tendineae anchor valves to papillary muscles

Question 26

name the atrioventricular valves

Answer 26

bicuspid valve on the left and the tricuspid valves on the right

Question 27

name the semi lunar valves

Answer 27

aortic valve pulmonary valves

Question 28

functions of the semi lunar valves

Answer 28

prevent backflow into ventricles when ventricles relax