The Dietitian and Canada's Health Care System Flashcards
WHO
World Health Organization: the first to acknowledge that health is multidimensional and responsible for all dimensions of society
Disease
An abnormal medically defined change in the structure/functioning of the human body
Impairment
Loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function
Disability
Restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in a manner considered to be in the “normal” range for humans, a role that is normal is determined by society
What is the relationship between impairment, disability, and handicap?
Impairment refers to change in an individual’s body, disability refers to changes in what that individual can and cannot do, and handicap refers to changes in their relationship with their physical and social environment.
Illness
Refers to the individuals experience or subjective perception of lack of physical and/or mental well-being and consequent inability to function normally in social roles.
What are the 4 Levels of the Continuum of Health Delivery?
- Population and Health Promotion
- Primary Prevention (Disease prevention)
- Secondary Prevention (Disease detection)
- Tertiary Prevention (Clinical care)
Population Health Promotion
To promote, protect, and support nutritional health and prevent nutrition-related disease in groups, communities, and whole populations
Primary Prevention
Disease prevention- To prevent disease by controlling risk factors related to illness or injury
Secondary Prevention
Disease detection- Detect disease early in individuals through screening and risk appraisal
Tertiary Prevention
Clinical care- to treat and rehabilitate people with illness/injury; to prevent further disability and health problems
The Determinants of Health
- Income and Social Status
- Social Support Networks
- Education and Literacy
- Employment and Working Conditions
- Social Environment
- Physical Environment
- Biological and Genetic Endowment
- Personal Health Practices and Coping Skills
- Healthy Child Development
- Health Services
- Gender
- Culture
Determinants of Health Definition
Refers to those basic factors and influences that shape or determine the health of individuals AND communities
Canada Health Act
Federal legislation states the conditions by which individual provinces and territories may receive funding for health care services.
The 5 Principles of Canada’s Health Act
- Public administration
- Comprehensiveness
- Universality
- Portability
- Accessibility
Provincial Health Insurance
Residents apply for health coverage and receive a health care card
Private Health Insurance
Many services are not covered under the public sector. These plans are usually offered as part of an employee benefit plan.
Public Health Care Providers
Primary care physicians (1/1000) and specialists
Health Care Funding
Comes from personal and corporate taxes; other sources; some provinces charge health premiums
Issues in the Health Care System
- Federal involvement
- Private health care
- Shortage of health care professionals
Private Clinics
Illegal under federal law and are subject controversy
The goal of Health Canada
To be among the countries with the healthiest people in the world.
Branches of Health Canada to note
- FN and Inuit Health Branch
- Health Environments and Consumer Safety Branch
- Health Policy Branch
- Health Products and Food Branch
Agencies of Health Canada to note
- Public Health Agency of Canada
2. Canadian Institutes of Health Research
