the developing brain

Question 1

what is the neural tube

Answer 1

a sheet of ectodermal cells that folds over to form a tube in an early embryo

Question 2

what does the neural tube turn into

Answer 2

spinal cord

Question 3

what do the cavities in the neural tube develop into

Answer 3

ventricles filled with CSF

Question 4

what is the alternative word for the forebrain

Answer 4

prosencephalon

Question 5

what is the alternative word for the midbrain

Answer 5

mesencephalon

Question 6

what is the alternative word for the hindbrain

Answer 6

rhombencephalon

Question 7

What is the prosencephalon is split into

Answer 7

Telencephalon
Diencephalon

Question 8

What is the rhombencephalon split into

Answer 8

Metencephalon
Myelencephalon

Question 9

What makes up the telencephalon

Answer 9

Cerebral hemispheres

Question 10

What makes up the diencephalon

Answer 10

Thalamus, hypothalamus and pituitary gland, pineal gland

Question 11

What makes up the metencephalon

Answer 11

Pons and cerebellum

Question 12

What makes up the myelencephalon

Answer 12

Medulla oblongata

Question 13

What is the thalamus

Answer 13

A relay centre for sensory and motor signals

Question 14

What is the function of the thalamus

Answer 14

Consciousness and alertness

Question 15

What is the hypothalamus involved in

Answer 15

Central regulator of homeostasis over the 4 systems (HEAL)

Question 16

What are the 4 systems HEAL

Answer 16

Homeostatic
Endocrine
Autonomic
Limbic mechanisms

Question 17

What is the limbic mechanisms involved with (HOME)

Answer 17

Homeostasis
Olfaction
Memory
Emotion

Question 18

Name 3 of the nuclei that the hypothalamus is subdivided in

Answer 18

Supraoptic
Paraventricular
Superchiasmatic

Question 19

What does the supraoptic paraventricular nucleus contain

Answer 19

Oxytocin or vasopressin and the project of the pituitary

Question 20

What nucleus is the master clock for circadian rhythms

Answer 20

Superchiasmatic

Question 21

What does the posterior pituitary gland involve

Answer 21

Oxytocin
Vasopressin

Question 22

Function of oxytocin

Answer 22

Behaviour and reproductive function

Question 23

Function of vasopressin

Answer 23

Osmotic balance, blood pressure and kidney function

Question 24

What does the anterior pituitary gland involve

Answer 24

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Growth hormone (GH)
Prolactin
Thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH)
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 25

Function of ACTH

Answer 25

Regulates cortisol and androgen

Question 26

What does the epithalamus of the diencephalon involve

Answer 26

Pineal gland and the habenula which connects the limbic system to the brain

Question 27

Function of cerebellum

Answer 27

Balance
Coordination
Motor learning
Cognitive
Posture

Question 28

What is the Basal ganglia

Answer 28

A collection of grey matter deep within the cerebral white matter

Question 29

What are the main components of the basal ganglia

Answer 29

Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Globus pallidus
Subthalamic nucleus
Substantial Nigra

Question 30

Function of the basal ganglia

Answer 30

Regulates muscle tone and smoothening voluntary motor activities
Emotion control
Cognition
Eye movements

Question 31

What is the limbic system involved with

Answer 31

Behaviour and emotional responses, especially need for survival

Question 32

What are cortical and subcortical structures in the limbic system

Answer 32

Hippocampus and amygdala