mock exam

Question 1

musculoskeletal neurotransmitter

Answer 1

acetylcholine

Question 2

name neuroglia cells in CNS

Answer 2

astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, oligodendrocytes

Question 3

difference between white and grey matter

Answer 3

white is myelinated and grey isnt

Question 4

name the first order neuron of the visual pathway

Answer 4

bipolar cells of the retina

Question 5

whats one unique feature of the olfactory pathway

Answer 5

skips the thalamus and goes straight to the cortex

Question 6

what are the 3 cranial nerves involved with taste

Answer 6

vagus, facial, glossopharyngeal

Question 7

name the structures in the optic pathway (a-f)

Answer 7

optic nerve
optic chiasm
tract
lateral geniculate
optic radiation
visual cortex

Question 8

2 cranial nerves arising from midbrain that are associated with the functions of the eye

Answer 8

oculomotor and trochlear

Question 9

what are the 4 cranial nerves that carry both motor and sensory fibres

Answer 9

trigenimal facial glossopharyngeal vagus

Question 10

what are the 3 cranial nerves that exit through the jugular foramen in the skull

Answer 10

glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory

Question 11

what do the meninges surround

Answer 11

brain and spinal cord

Question 12

what is the main function of the meninges

Answer 12

protection

Question 13

name the layers of the meninges from most to least superficial

Answer 13

dura, arachnoid, pia

Question 14

where is cerebrospinal fluid produced

Answer 14

choroid plexus

Question 15

which space contains CSF

Answer 15

subarachnoid

Question 16

what are the 2 arteries that supply blood to the spinal cord

Answer 16

anterior and posterior spinal artery

Question 17

what are the 4 main arteries that make the circle of willis

Answer 17

anterior and posterior cerebral arteries
anterior and posterior communicating arteries

Question 18

what is the physiological benefit of the circle of willis

Answer 18

if one artery/region of the brain becomes blocked, blood is still able to flow and innervate the brain

Question 19

what is the only ascending tract that runs ipsilaterally

Answer 19

dorsal column

Question 20

what does the dorsal column control / work with

Answer 20

vibratory and fine touch, two point discrimination

Question 21

in 4 major structures describe the dorsal column tract pathway

Answer 21

receptor - eg muscle spindle
dorsal root ganglion
nucleus cuneatus of the medulla
VPL in the thalamus

Question 22

what are 2 functional areas of the parietal lobe

Answer 22

wernickes area - speech understanding
somatosensory area and body perception

Question 23

what are the major sulci of the superolateral surface of the brain

Answer 23

central, lateral, parieto-occipital

Question 24

from superior to inferior what are the parts of the brain stem

Answer 24

midbrain, PONS, medulla

Question 25

which part of the brainstem has the pyramids

Answer 25

medulla

Question 26

which part of the brainstem has the superior and inferior colliculi

Answer 26

midbrain

Question 27

what type of information does the lateral spinothalamic tract work with

Answer 27

pain (norciception) and temperature

Question 28

describe the lateral spinothalamic tract pathway

Answer 28

receptors (norci/thermo) dorsal root ganglion substantia gelatinosa VPL in thalamus sensory cortex

Question 29

whats the mnemonic for remembering what type of fibre are involved with each cranial nerve

Answer 29

some say marry money but my brother says big brains mater more