mock exam Flashcards
musculoskeletal neurotransmitter
acetylcholine
name neuroglia cells in CNS
astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, oligodendrocytes
difference between white and grey matter
white is myelinated and grey isnt
name the first order neuron of the visual pathway
bipolar cells of the retina
whats one unique feature of the olfactory pathway
skips the thalamus and goes straight to the cortex
what are the 3 cranial nerves involved with taste
vagus, facial, glossopharyngeal
name the structures in the optic pathway (a-f)
optic nerve
optic chiasm
tract
lateral geniculate
optic radiation
visual cortex
2 cranial nerves arising from midbrain that are associated with the functions of the eye
oculomotor and trochlear
what are the 4 cranial nerves that carry both motor and sensory fibres
trigenimal facial glossopharyngeal vagus
what are the 3 cranial nerves that exit through the jugular foramen in the skull
glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory
what do the meninges surround
brain and spinal cord
what is the main function of the meninges
protection
name the layers of the meninges from most to least superficial
dura, arachnoid, pia
where is cerebrospinal fluid produced
choroid plexus
which space contains CSF
subarachnoid
what are the 2 arteries that supply blood to the spinal cord
anterior and posterior spinal artery
what are the 4 main arteries that make the circle of willis
anterior and posterior cerebral arteries
anterior and posterior communicating arteries
what is the physiological benefit of the circle of willis
if one artery/region of the brain becomes blocked, blood is still able to flow and innervate the brain
what is the only ascending tract that runs ipsilaterally
dorsal column
what does the dorsal column control / work with
vibratory and fine touch, two point discrimination
in 4 major structures describe the dorsal column tract pathway
receptor - eg muscle spindle
dorsal root ganglion
nucleus cuneatus of the medulla
VPL in the thalamus
what are 2 functional areas of the parietal lobe
wernickes area - speech understanding
somatosensory area and body perception
what are the major sulci of the superolateral surface of the brain
central, lateral, parieto-occipital
from superior to inferior what are the parts of the brain stem
midbrain, PONS, medulla
which part of the brainstem has the pyramids
medulla
which part of the brainstem has the superior and inferior colliculi
midbrain
what type of information does the lateral spinothalamic tract work with
pain (norciception) and temperature
describe the lateral spinothalamic tract pathway
receptors (norci/thermo)
dorsal root ganglion
substantia gelatinosa
VPL in thalamus
sensory cortex
whats the mnemonic for remembering what type of fibre are involved with each cranial nerve
some say marry money but my brother says big brains mater more
