cerebrum Flashcards
what is the neocortex
6 layer outer cortex, based on grey matter of cerebral cortex
where is the central sulcus
in between the frontal and parietal lobe
where is the lateral sulcus
between temporal, parietal and frontal lobe
where is the parieto-occipital sulcus
in between the parietal and occipital lobe
where is the preoccipital notch sulcus
below the occipital lobe
what are the 3 functional areas types
motor sensory association
what are the functional areas in the frontal lobe
primary motor area
pre motor area
brocas area
frontal eye field
prefrontal area
which gyrus is in the frontal lobe
pre central
what is in the primary motor area
inverted motor homonculus
contralateral motor control
what is the homunculus
representation of body parts in the motor and somatosensory cortex of the brain.
lesion in the primary motor area will cause what
effect on the opposite half of the body
function of the premotor area
programmes the activity of the primary motor area
where is the premotor area
anterior to primary motor area
lesion in the pre motor area will cause what
a difficulty in performing skilled movements
function of frontal eye field
connects voluntary eye movements to opposite side
what is the frontal eye field connected to
visual cortex by association fibres (involuntary)
a lesion in the frontal eye field causes what
inability to move eyes to the opposite side
functions of pre frontal area
personality, behaviour, judgement
a lesion in the prefrontal area causes what
changes in personality and inappropriate social behaviour
what are the functional areas of the parietal lobe
primary sensory area
wernickes area
which gyrus is in the parietal lobe
post central
function of the primary sensory area
contralateral sensations
lesion in the primary sensory area causes what
contralateral loss of sensation
what input does wernickes area receive
somatic, auditory and visual area
where is input from wernickes area projected to
brocas area
what is receptive sensory aphasia in wernickes area
inability to understand spoken and written word
what is global aphasia
when both motor and sensory speech area is affected
what are the functional areas of the temporal lobe
primary auditory area
which gyrus is in the temporal lobe
temporal gyrus of heschl which is inferior to the lateral sulcus
lesions in the primary auditory area can cause what
deafness
what are the functional areas of the occipital lobe
primary visual cortex
visual association areas
what are the other functional areas
taste area
vestibular area
olfactory area
where is the taste area
inferior to the parietal lobe
where is the vestibular area and what is it concerned with
near post cnetral gyrus, area concerned with face sensation
where is the olfactory area
uncus
what is the uncus
inner most part of the temporal lobe
what are the two paired arteries responsible for the blood supply of the base of the brain - the source of the circle of willis
internal carotid and vertebral arteries
where do the arteries supplying the brain arise from and to
arise in the neck and extends to the cranium
where does the common carotid artery bifurcate to form the internal and external common carotid arteries
C4 - the common carotid artery typically bifurcates at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage
where does the vertebral arteries arise from
the first part of the subclavian artery
where is the circle of willis located
the base of the brain around the optic chiasm and the hypothalamus
which artery runs in the lateral sulcus
middle cerebral artery
circle of willis communicating arteries
anterior cerebral arteries,
posteriorly, basilar artery dividing into two posterior cerebral arteries
laterally, by the posterior communicating artery connecting the ICA with PCA
what is a berry / saccular aneurysm
a rounded sac containing blood that is attached to a main artery (berry on a vine)
what arteries supply the cerebrum
paired anterior cerebral artery - internal carotid
paired middle cerebral artery - internal carotid
paired posterior cerebral artery - basilar artery
arterial supply of superolateral surface
2/3s by middle cerebral
arterial supply of inferior surface
posterior cerebral artery
arterial supply of medial surface
anterior 2/3s by anterior cerebral artery
veins involved with venous drainage of the brain
superficial cerebral veins
deep cerebral veins
where does the venous drainage of the brain drain into
dural venous sinuses
what causes a subdural intracranial hemorrhage
tearing of superior cerebral veins
what causes a subarachnoid intracranial hemorrhage
rupture of congenital berry aneurysms
what causes a intercerebral intracranial hemorrhage
rupture of lenticulostriate artery of MCA
whats the blood supply of the spinal cord
anterior and posterior spinal branches of vertebral artery
where is blood supplemented throughout the spinal cord
radicular arteries deriving from the aorta
venous drainage of spinal cord
communicates with internal vertebral venous plexus
