revision quick fire

Question 1

what is the only cranial nerve that extends beyond the head and neck

Answer 1

vagus

Question 2

what does the prosencephalon split into

Answer 2

telencephalon
diencephalon

Question 3

what structure releases neurotransmitters in synaptic transmission

Answer 3

Vesicles

Question 4

when light enters the eye, what type of reaction does it trigger in the rods and cones at the back of the retina

Answer 4

photochemical

Question 5

how does light travel

Answer 5

in straight lines

Question 6

what type of receptors are found in the retinas (bonus if you can name the two types)

Answer 6

photoreceptors (rods and cones)

Question 7

what type of fibres are afferent

Answer 7

sensory

Question 8

give one physiological change in the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 8

pupils dilate
stimulates sweat
releases airways
inhibits salivation

Question 9

what does rostral mean in neuro terms

Answer 9

anterior

Question 10

what are the two enlargements of the spinal cord

Answer 10

cervical and lumbosacral

Question 11

what are the 3 meninges layers

Answer 11

pia
arachnoid
dura

Question 12

which cells produce myelin in PNS

Answer 12

schwann

Question 13

what is cauda equina

Answer 13

collection of nerves at the end of the spinal cord

Question 14

where does the spinal cord terminate

Answer 14

L1/2

Question 15

define ganglion

Answer 15

collection of nerve cells

Question 16

what does fusciculus gracilis control

Answer 16

lower limbs

Question 17

how many pairs of spinal nerves is there

Answer 17

31

Question 18

where does the spinal cord start

Answer 18

foramen magnum in the skull

Question 19

what is the babinski reflex and what would we expect to see

Answer 19

foot in plantar flexion and the toes should curl

Question 20

which ascending tract is involved with conscious proprioception and two point discrimination

Answer 20

posterior column tract

Question 21

what is the only pyramidal descending tract

Answer 21

corticospinal

Question 22

what is the function of the lateral corticospinal tract

Answer 22

voluntary movement

Question 23

which part of the brain stem is the most inferior

Answer 23

medulla oblongata

Question 24

function of PONS

Answer 24

controls body movements and equilibrium

Question 25

what does the PONS develop from

Answer 25

metencephalon

Question 26

which nerve would you be assessing if you performed a gag reflex test

Answer 26

glossopharyngeal

Question 27

which nerve would you assessing if you looked for blood in the roof of the mouth and if the jaw could move

Answer 27

trigeminal nerve

Question 28

Name 3 cranial nerves that exit via the jugular foramen

Answer 28

Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory

Question 29

Which 4 cranial nerves have both motor and sensory fibres

Answer 29

Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus

Question 30

Give the alternative names for the following, forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain

Answer 30

Prosenphalon
Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon

Question 31

What is the neural tube made up of

Answer 31

A sheet of Ectodermal cells

Question 32

Name me 4 sulcus

Answer 32

Central
Parietal-occipital
Pre-occipital
Lateral fissure

Question 33

If I had an issue with my hearing which lobe may be damaged

Answer 33

Temporal

Question 34

What does the choroid plexus produce

Answer 34

CSF

Question 35

What are the 4 types of neuroglia

Answer 35

Astrocytes
Oligodendrycytes
Ependymal
Microgla

Question 36

what is unique about the olfactory system

Answer 36

has no third order neurons - goes straight to the cortical areas and skips the thalamus

Question 37

what is the order of the olfactory system

Answer 37

epithelium and nerves
bulb
tract and striae
cortical areas

Question 38

which tract is involved with crude touch and pressure

Answer 38

anterior spinothalamic

Question 39

which cranial nerve exits through the cribriform of the ethmoid bone

Answer 39

olfactory

Question 39

which space does CSF flow in after leaving the fourth ventricle

Answer 39

subarachnoid