revision quick fire Flashcards
what is the only cranial nerve that extends beyond the head and neck
vagus
what does the prosencephalon split into
telencephalon
diencephalon
what structure releases neurotransmitters in synaptic transmission
Vesicles
when light enters the eye, what type of reaction does it trigger in the rods and cones at the back of the retina
photochemical
how does light travel
in straight lines
what type of receptors are found in the retinas (bonus if you can name the two types)
photoreceptors (rods and cones)
what type of fibres are afferent
sensory
give one physiological change in the sympathetic nervous system
pupils dilate
stimulates sweat
releases airways
inhibits salivation
what does rostral mean in neuro terms
anterior
what are the two enlargements of the spinal cord
cervical and lumbosacral
what are the 3 meninges layers
pia
arachnoid
dura
which cells produce myelin in PNS
schwann
what is cauda equina
collection of nerves at the end of the spinal cord
where does the spinal cord terminate
L1/2
define ganglion
collection of nerve cells
what does fusciculus gracilis control
lower limbs
how many pairs of spinal nerves is there
31
where does the spinal cord start
foramen magnum in the skull
what is the babinski reflex and what would we expect to see
foot in plantar flexion and the toes should curl
which ascending tract is involved with conscious proprioception and two point discrimination
posterior column tract
what is the only pyramidal descending tract
corticospinal
what is the function of the lateral corticospinal tract
voluntary movement
which part of the brain stem is the most inferior
medulla oblongata
function of PONS
controls body movements and equilibrium
what does the PONS develop from
metencephalon
which nerve would you be assessing if you performed a gag reflex test
glossopharyngeal
which nerve would you assessing if you looked for blood in the roof of the mouth and if the jaw could move
trigeminal nerve
Name 3 cranial nerves that exit via the jugular foramen
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory
Which 4 cranial nerves have both motor and sensory fibres
Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Give the alternative names for the following, forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain
Prosenphalon
Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon
What is the neural tube made up of
A sheet of Ectodermal cells
Name me 4 sulcus
Central
Parietal-occipital
Pre-occipital
Lateral fissure
If I had an issue with my hearing which lobe may be damaged
Temporal
What does the choroid plexus produce
CSF
What are the 4 types of neuroglia
Astrocytes
Oligodendrycytes
Ependymal
Microgla
what is unique about the olfactory system
has no third order neurons - goes straight to the cortical areas and skips the thalamus
what is the order of the olfactory system
epithelium and nerves
bulb
tract and striae
cortical areas
which tract is involved with crude touch and pressure
anterior spinothalamic
which cranial nerve exits through the cribriform of the ethmoid bone
olfactory
which space does CSF flow in after leaving the fourth ventricle
subarachnoid
