lolas quiz Flashcards
name all the cranial nerves that exit via the jugular foramen
9 - glossopharyngeal
10 - vagus
11 - accessory
name all the cranial nerves that carry both sensory and motor fibres
5 - trigeminal
7 - facial
9 - glossopharyngeal
10 - vagus
which cranial nerve abducts the eye
abudcents
which 3 cranial nerves is involved with taste
7 - facial
9 - glossopharyngeal
10 - vagus
how many cranial nerves exit via the superior orbital fissure
4
what are the 3 layers of the meninges (most superficial first)
dura
arachnoid
pia
name the 2 hormones that the posterior pituitry gland produces
oxytocin
vasopressin
name one function of the cerebellum
balance and posture
coordination
motor learning
cognitive functions
i am going to name some main components of a key structure, please name this structure
Caudate Nucleus, Putamen, Globus Pallidus,Subthalamic Nucleus and Substantia Nigra
basal nuclei / ganglia
what is the function of the structure you have should have named
Regulate the muscle tone - smoothens voluntary movements
what structure is the relay centre for sensory and motor signals and has a function of consciousness and alertness
thalamus
name all 4 sulci
parieto-occipital
central sulcus
lateral fissure
pre-occipital notch
what is the alternative name for the forebrain
prosencephalon
what does the named embryological division then split into
telencephalon and diencephalon
what does the rhombencephalon split into
myencephalon and metencephalon
the medulla is the adult derivartive from which embryological division
myencephalon
which 2 cranial nerves exit via the auditory canal
7 - facial
8 - vestibulocochlear
which tract is the only ipsilateral one
dorsal column
what is the modality of the lateral spinothalamic
norciception and temp
what is the second order neuron for the anterior spinothalamic tract
substantia gelatinosa
where does the spinoreticular, tectal and olivary tract run to
brainstem
what is unique about the olfactory system
skips the thalamus and goes straight to the cortical areas
what is the most common taste papillae found all over the tongue but mostly the edges
fungiform
which structure controls how much light enters the eye and how?
iris by changing shape
what happens at the optic chiasm
signals from two optic nerves converge at this crossover junction
what vibrates to produce ossicles after sound waves have travelled
tympanic membrane
name the first second and third order neurons for the vestibular system
First order neuron - vestibular ganglion
Second order neuron - vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata
Third order neuron - Thalamus
what is the only pyramidal tract
corticospinal
what is the modality of that tract
voluntary, discrete, skilled movements
name one other descending tract
Rubrospinal
Reticulospinal
Vestibulospinal
Tectospinal
Olivospinal
define basal ganglia
Collection of gray matter nuclei located deep within the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres
name the 4 structures in the direct pathway of the basal ganglia
Motor Cortex- Striatum- Internus- Thalamus
what is the net effect of the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia
turns off the motor cortex so inhibits movement
what are the roots of the brachial plexus
c5,6.7.8.t1
what are the branches of the brachial plexus
musculocutaneous
axillary
median
radial
ulnar
4 functions of the limbic system
HOME
Homeostatic functions* Olfaction* Memory* Emotions and drives
what is the hippocampus involved with in the limbic system
memory (recent and processing long term memories)
what does the sagittal plane divide into
2 halves
name 1 physiological change controlled by the sympathetic ns
inhibits salvation
dilates pupils
accelerates heart
contricts blood vessels
stimulates sweat production
what is the physiological benefit of the circle of willis
if one artery/region of the brain becomes blocked, blood is still able to flow and innervate the brain
name the neuroglia cells in CNS
astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, oligodendrocytes
name the structures in the optic pathway
optic nerve
optic chiasm
tract
lateral geniculate
optic radiation
visual cortex
what do the meninges surround
brain and spinal cord
where is the CSF produced and which space contains it
choroid plexus and subarachnoid
which part of the brainstem has superior and inferior colliculi
mid brain
name the first order neuron of the visual pathway
bipolar cells of the retina
what are the 2 arteries that supply blood to the spinal cord
anterior and posterior spinal artery
if i was having trouble hearing what lobe would you suggest is damaged
temporal
which cells produce myelin in the PNS
shwann (charlottes fav)
where does the spinal cord start
foramen magnum in the skull
