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Chem > The Condensed State > Flashcards

The Condensed State Flashcards

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1
Q

Network Covalent

A

attractions of valence electrons on atom to the nuclear charge on a neighboring atom

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2
Q

Metallic

A

metal cation attractions in a sea of electrons

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3
Q

ionic

A

attractions between cations and anions resulting from an exchange of electrons

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4
Q

Molecular

A

attractions of partial positive and partial negative charges between discrete molecules. either permanently or temporary, always called inter molecular forces

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5
Q

london dispersion

A

Temporary dipoles attract very weakly. Strength of LD increases with size and contact area. Everything experiences these. Low melting/boiling points.

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6
Q

Dipole-Dipole

A

Partial negative charge on one molecule interacts with the partial positive charge on another. Permanent.

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7
Q

Hydrogen bonding

A

H to F,N,O. Dominant force.

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8
Q

What makes something a conductor

A

if its electrons are free to move around

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9
Q

metallic structural integrity

A

malleable and ductile

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10
Q

ionic structural integrity

A

brittle

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11
Q

network covalent/molecular structural integrity

A

varies

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12
Q

vapor pressure and imfs

A

inverse relationship

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13
Q

when do things boil

A

when vapor pressure is equal to barometric pressure

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14
Q

Size, electron density, polarizability, temporary dipole moment, LD strength

A

direct

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15
Q

Surface Tension

A

A liquid tends to shrink itself to get the most of it onto the surface as possible. As IMFs increase, so does surface tension

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16
Q

Capillary action

A

a substance moving up the sides of the container

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17
Q

structural unit of metallic

A

metal ions at lattice points with a sea of freely moving electrons

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18
Q

structural unit of ionic

A

alternating positive and negative ions held in a rigid lattice

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19
Q

structural unit of covalent

A

independent molecules held together by imfs

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20
Q

structural unit of network covalent

A

continuous network of atoms convalently bonded to one another

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21
Q

metallic state at room temp

A

solid

22
Q

ionic state at room temp (ARE THEY CRYSTALS?)

A

crystalline solids

23
Q

covalent state at room temp

A

solid, liquid, or gas depending on size

24
Q

network covalent state at room temp

A

usually solids

25
Q

metallic electrical conductivity

A

conducts as solid

26
Q

ionic electrical conductivity

A

conducts in liquid and aqueous states, but not solid

27
Q

molecular / covalent electrical conductivity

A

not in any conditions

28
Q

network covalent electrical conductivity

A

some structures conduct

29
Q

thermal conductivity of metallics

A

good

30
Q

thermal conductivity of ionics

A

thermal insulator

31
Q

thermal conductivity of molecular / covalent

A

poor, most are insulators

32
Q

network covalent thermal conductivity

A

somewhat

33
Q

malleability and ductility of metallic

A

can be pounded into shapes and drawn into wire

34
Q

malle. + duct. of ionics

A

too brittle

35
Q

malle + duct of covalent

A

neither

36
Q

malle + duct of network covalent

A

too brittle

37
Q

hardness of metallics

A

varies

38
Q

hardness of ionic

A

hard and brittle

39
Q

hardness of covalent

A

typically soft

40
Q

hardness of network covalent

A

very hard

41
Q

enthalphy of fusion/vaporization of metallics

A

wide range

42
Q

enthalpy of fusion/vaporization of ionic

A

typically 10-100 times greater than covalent

43
Q

enthalpy of fusion/vaporization of network covalent

A

high, mirroring melting point and boiling point

44
Q

melt/boil of metallic

A

wide range

45
Q

melt/boil of ionic

A

must overcome ion-ion interactions, so usually high (800-1200ish)

46
Q

melt/boil of covalent

A

must overcome weaker dipole-dipole & london dispersion, so much lower than ionic

47
Q

melt/boil of network covalent

A

extremely high, 1500-4000

48
Q

water solubility of metallic

A

insoluble

49
Q

water solubility of ionic

A

depends on relative attraction between ions vs ion-water attraction

50
Q

water solubility of covalent

A

smaller polar are soluble, non-polar insoluble

51
Q

water solubility of network covalent

A

insoluble

Chem (15 decks)

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