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Chem > Safety/Lab Equipment > Flashcards

Safety/Lab Equipment Flashcards

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1
Q

Beaker (qual or quan?)

A

Qualitative - Used for mixing, stirring, and heating. Has a spout. Is not precise for measuring. No lid, but a watch glass could be used.

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2
Q

Test Tube Tongs (LOOK UP PICTURE)

A

Used for grabbing test tubes that shouldn’t be touched. They are small and have a light, solid grip.

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3
Q

Test Tube Clamp

A

Clamps a test tube or other equipment onto a ring stand. Has insulation on the ring-like portion.

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4
Q

General / Crucible Tongs

A

Used for grabbing things small things, like crucibles. They are solid, sturdy, and do not have insulation.

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5
Q

Scoopulas

A

A folded piece of metal for scooping solid chemicals onto a weigh boat.

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6
Q

Bunson Burner

A

Made of metal, connected to a flammable gas source. Uses methane as a fuel source.

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7
Q

(Double) Buret Clamp

A

Clamps to a ring stand to hold 1-2 burets.

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8
Q

Crucible

A

a small cup made of a material that can withstand extreme temps. Used for heating substances and comes with a lid.

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9
Q

Clay Triangle

A

One with an open center is used to suspend crucibles when using wire mesh on a ring stand to heat things up. Heat resistant and perfect for holding crucibles or funnels.

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10
Q

Funnel

A

Plastic or glass with a long stem.

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11
Q

Beaker Tongs

A

Grabbing things not touched by hand. Has insulation and does not close completely.

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12
Q

Hot Hands

A

Silicon hands allow you to grip hot equipment.

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13
Q

Volumetric Flask (Qual or quan?)

A

round flask with a long neck and flat bottom. Measures the exact volume of liquid with miniscus.

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14
Q

Evaporating Dish

A

used for small volumes of solutions to heat the mixture and evaporate the solvent. The small pour spout means it is an evaporating dish, not a crucible.

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15
Q

Spot/Well Plates

A

A plastic or porcelain plate with wells used to test reactions during micro labs.

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16
Q

Striker

A

used to light a Bunson Burner. A flint strikes a metal surface and creates a spark. Hand must be pushing flint onto surface while also pushing it across. Has something in the middle, which distinguishes it from a test tube holder.

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17
Q

Pipet Bulb

A

Used to draw liquid into a pipet. Never draw from a reagent bottle. Has 3 places for operation:
A - aspirate (eliminate air)
S - suck liquid into pipet
E - empty

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18
Q

Wire Mesh / Gauze

A

Laid across the ring to distribute heat and support the beaker, dish, or crucible

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19
Q

Pipet

A

Used for measuring exact liquid and transferring it

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20
Q

Ring Clamp

A

Ring-shaped clamp that attaches to the ring stand to support equipment.

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21
Q

Ring Stand

A

Long metal pole on a base; along with clamps, it’s used as a support of equipment set-ups.

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22
Q

Test Tube Holder

A

Spring metal holder used to hold/transfer hot test tubes.

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23
Q

Watch Glass

A

Concave glass dish used to hold chemicals or as a cover for evaporating dishes and beakers. Always use it as a cover with it curved down inside the beaker.

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24
Q

Balance (qual or quan?)

A

Quantitative - The only piece of equipment we use to precisely measure the mass of a substance.

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25
Q

Buret (Quan or qual?)

A

Quantitative - Long tube with stopcock that opens and closes; used to precisely deliver volumes of solutions, especially in acid/base titration. Measurements on the tube count backwards! 0 = full, 30 = empty, etc

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26
Q

Erlenmeyer Flask (quan or qual)

A

Qualitative - Small glass container used for approximate volumes of liquid. The small mouth (which distinguishes it from a beaker) accommodates a stopper for storage or to prevent spillage while mixing.

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27
Q

Gradulated Cylinder (Qual or quan?)

A

Quantitative - used to measure and deliver precise volumes of liquids.

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28
Q

Test Tube (Qual or Quan?)

A

Qualitative - Glass cylinder that contains liquids being tested in an experiment. Lacks any measurement markings.

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29
Q

Volumetric Flask (Qual or quan?)

A

Quantitative - Used to precisely make a specific volume of an aqueous solution. (aqueous = water + dissolved compound)

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30
Q

Irritant

A

irritates skin / eyes; can cause a rash

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31
Q

Corrosive

A

“eat away” ; pits metals and causes burns to skin/eyes

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32
Q

Health Hazards

A

Can be carcinogenic or radioactive

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33
Q

Toxic

A

poisonous / toxic, can cause death

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34
Q

Flammable

A

Easily set on fire; low flash point

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35
Q

Oxidizer

A

Steals electrons from other substances

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36
Q

Explosive

A

self-reacts, violent + instantaneous combustion

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37
Q

Pressurized Gas

A

Compressed gas stored under high pressure. If the top comes off, it will torpedo.

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38
Q

Environmental Issues

A

Toxic to aquatic life and the environment

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39
Q

What is a core value of Chem?

A

Safety!

40
Q

What are 3 things that a safety mindset means?

A

1) it always comes first
2) accidents can be prevented
3) Experiments must be carefully designed, planned, and carried out to ensure everyone’s safety.

41
Q

3 things that demonstrate your commitment to safety

A

1) see something, say something
2) Read procedures before beginning
3) listen to instructions
4) ask questions if you do not understand!

42
Q

What does being prepared mean?

A

Understanding the hazards of any chemicals you’re working with

43
Q

SDS gives info about…

A

Properties of chemicals, hazards of chemicals, how to protect

44
Q

There are _ sections in the SDS

A

16

45
Q

Which section of the SDS identifies hazards?

A

2

46
Q

Which signal word means the chemical is more hazardous, warning or danger?

A

danger

47
Q

T or F: first aid measures are included on an SDS

A

T

48
Q

T or F: You can find important info about the storage of a chemical on the SDS

A

T

49
Q

What is in section 8 of the SDS?

A

PPE to use

50
Q

T or F: PPE is your first line of defense.

A

F

51
Q

How can you stop your googles from fogging up?

A

Rub soap solution on the insides

52
Q

T or F: Eyewash stations are designed to treat both eyes at the same time.

A

T

53
Q

What should you do with your hands while at the eyewash station?

A

Hold open your eyelids.

54
Q

How long should the eyewash station be used?

A

15-20 minutes. Take out your contacts after 5 mins.

55
Q

What safety equipment should be used for a large chemical spill on the body?

A

Safety showers for 15 minutes

56
Q

What are the three main components of a fire?

A

Fuel, oxygen, and heat - make sure they never come together!!!

57
Q

T or F: Solvents that are not in use should be capped and stored in the fume hood.

A

F

58
Q

How should you extinguish a small lab fire?

A

turn off the heat source and cap with a beaker

59
Q

How should you put out a Bunsen fire?

A

Turn off the gas

60
Q

What type of fire extinguisher is used in labs?

A

ABC

61
Q

What is the cardinal rule for responding to emergencies?

A

Tell the teacher

62
Q

RAMP stands for…

A

Recognize hazards
Assess risk
Minimize risk
Prep for emergencies

63
Q

What is a hazard?

A

any source of potential injury, damage, or harm

64
Q

What is Risk

A

the likelihood you will be harmed by the hazard

65
Q

What is the protocol for R of Ramp

A

Recognize hazards: Read the labels on bottles / containers, read the procedure to identify hazards, identify extreme hot and cold temperatures and pressure

66
Q

What is the procedure for A of RAMP?

A

Analyze Risk using the 4 quadrant approach.

67
Q

What is the procedure of M of RAMP?

A

Mnimize Risk by using less hazardous chemicals or procedures, follow all safety protocol, and wear PPE

68
Q

What is the protocol for P of RAMP?

A

Prepare for Emergencies - Know locations of all lab safety equipment, review class procedures for emergencies, report all chem spills, and always report unplanned incidents

69
Q

What is a law?

A

A concise, factual statement that states an observation. They have been tested multiple times.

70
Q

What is a theory?

A

An explanation of something based on proven hypothesis and multiple scientists. Sometimes theories will INCLUDE laws and may be tweaked.

71
Q

Why is the Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases an exception to the common definition of a theory?

A

There is no simple statement or set formula, and it tries to explain a law.

72
Q

Independent variable

A

The one the scientist is changing. It is usually the first thing you record in a lab and goes on the x axis.

73
Q

Dependent Variable

A

The variable is affected by changes in the independent variable. These are the “results” that you record, typically second in the lab.

74
Q

What does DRY MIX stand for?

A

Dependent resulting Y

manipulated independent X

75
Q

What is a mistake?

A

A screw-up caused by someone in the lab. The procedure wasn’t followed, calculation errors, etc. These cause you to have to redo the lab.

76
Q

What is an error?

A

A limitation of the procedure that causes you to redesign the lab. If the results aren’t changed by improving the source of error, then it’s not a valid source of error. Includes assumptions, contamination, impreciseness, absorption of water, etc.

77
Q

When should one use the fumehood?

A

When doing any experiment that may produce a toxic gas.

78
Q

Never put extra chemicals back into ___

A

the bottle

79
Q

How do you smell chemicals?

A

By wafting them towards your nose with your hand

80
Q

Always pour ___ into ____ (acid & water)

A

acid into water

81
Q

How do you take care of acid spills?

A

place baking soda on the spill to neutralize the acid before wiping up

82
Q

How do you take care of base spills?

A

Place vinegar on the spill to neutralize the base before you attempt to wipe it up.

83
Q

Never try to neutralize an acid or base on your skin, it might…

A

create a lot of heat and burn you

84
Q

How do you cover up a small lab fire?

A

Cap it with a beaker

85
Q

What are the PPPS steps to use a fire extinguisher?

A

P - pull the silver pin to break the seal
P - point the nozzle at the base of the fire
P - push the two handles together
S - sweep the base of the flam

86
Q

What does the Emergency shut off bullseye button do?

A

Turn off all electricity to the room, which turns off the gas that feeds fire

87
Q

What do you do in a fainting situation?

A

Provide the person with fresh air and have them recline so that their head is lower than the rest of the body

88
Q

What do you do if someone gets a cut?

A

Apply pressure to the wound

89
Q

What does the needle valve do on a bunsen burner?

A

Adjusts the gas flow, which affects the height of the flame.

90
Q

What does the barrel on a Bunsen burner do?

A

Adjusts the heat of the flame by changing the air intake.

91
Q

Where is the hottest portion of the flame located?

A

The tip of the inner blue comb.

92
Q

What type of flame is preferred for laboratory work and why?

A

A quiet, steady flame with a defined blue inner comb, because it is the hottest and at a manageable height.

93
Q

A theory never becomes a _

A

law

94
Q

What is a variable?

A

Quantities that might change in an experiment

95
Q

The variable that is being measured?

A

dependent

96
Q

How many independent variables are there in a well-designed experiment?

A

1

97
Q

Why should you only change 1 variable?

A

to isolate what caused the change in measurements

Chem (15 decks)

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