The Coinage Metals

Question 1

Historically, the three nonradioactive members of group 11 of the periodic table (11th vertical column) are designated as coinage metals, consisting of

Answer 1

copper (Cu), silver (Ag) and gold (Au)

Question 2

Group 11 metals (Cu, Ag and Au) are known as the _______ and belong to the d-block or transition metals.

Answer 2

noble metals

Question 3

Special requirements:have _______and should not show any significant signs of wear. Group 11

Answer 3

anticorrosive properties

Question 4

They are all relatively inert and _________ and therefore are useful for the production of coins.

Answer 4

corrosion-resistant metals

Question 5

Excellent conductors of electricity and heat. The most conductive metal for electricity is

Answer 5

Ag, followed by Cu and then Au.

Question 6

the most thermally conductive element and the most light-reflecting element.

Answer 6

Silver

Question 7

widely used in electrical wiring and circuitry.

Answer 7

Copper

Question 8

is quite often used in precision equipment, where the risk of corrosion needs to be kept as low as possible.

Answer 8

Gold

Question 9

widely used in mission-critical applications such as electrical contacts as well as in agriculture, medicine and scientific applications.

Answer 9

Silver

Question 10

One of the best known use is in_____. Upon exposure, the silver nitrate in the film reverts to metallic silver itself.

Answer 10

photography

Question 11

mainly used to make alloys such as brass and bronze

Answer 11

copper

Question 12

mainly used because it conducts heat and electricity (e.g. wiring) and it is corrosion-resistant (e.g. as roofing material).

Answer 12

copper

Question 13

copper was used for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including

Answer 13

chronic ulcers, headaches, ear infections, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and so on.

Question 14

Almost every cell in the human body uses copper, as most contain

Answer 14

copper-dependent enzymes.

Question 15

Unfortunately, excessive amounts of copper are toxic for the human body, whereas low amounts of copper also lead to health problems, manifested in

Answer 15

Menkes disease.

Question 16

Typically, 50% of the daily copper intake is absorbed in the GI tract and transported to the liver from where it is transported to the peripheral tissue bound to

Answer 16

ceruloplasmin(copper-binding glycoprotein)

Question 17

Copper is an essential trace metal, and copper ions are incorporated into a number of metalloenzymes–so called

Answer 17

cuproenzymes.

Question 18

In the human body, the majority of copper ions can be found as Cu2+; nevertheless, the oxidation state shifts between the

Answer 18

cuprous (Cu+) and cupric (Cu2+) forms.

Question 19

a genetic disorder in which excessive amounts of copper build up in the human body.

Answer 19

Wilson disease

Question 20

The copper is mainly stored in the ____and _____, and therefore causes liver cirrhosis and damage to the brain tissue.

Answer 20

liver and brain

Question 21

a typical brown ring is visible around the iris; therefore Wilson disease is also called

Answer 21

hepatolenticular degeneration

Question 22

salber

what is the English word ‘_____”.

Answer 22

silver

Question 23

Silver is widely distributed in nature. It can be found in its native form and in various ores such as _______, which is the most important ore mineral for silver, and _____.

Answer 23

argenite (Ag2S) & horn silver (AgCl)

Question 24

Silver has no known active biological role in the human body, and the levels of Ag+ within the body are below detection limits. The metal has been used for thousands of years mainly as

Answer 24

ornamental metal or for coins.

Question 25

used to transport his water supplies in silver pitchers during the Persian War

Answer 25

Alexander the Great (356–323 BC)

Question 26

Ravelin (1869): proved that silver in low doses acts as an

Answer 26

antimicrobial

Question 27

who said already at very low concentration Ag+ can kill the green algae spirogyra in fresh water

Answer 27

Swiss botanist von Nägelishowed

Question 28

who recommended use of AgNO3 drops on newborn children with conjunctivitis.

Answer 28

Gynecologist Crede

Question 29

In 1884, Crede introduced the application of a ________ for the prevention of blindness in newborn, and the results were so impressive that this is still used nowadays in America

Answer 29

1% silver nitrate solution

Question 30

Today, airlines and NASA rely on______ to guarantee good water quality on board their aircrafts.

Answer 30

silver filters

Question 31

The metal was first used to make tools, weapons and jewellery but was soon used for trade and as coins.

Answer 31

Gold

Question 32

a soft yellow metal, which is characterized by its high ductility.

Answer 32

Gold

Question 33

Medieval times: elixir ‘________’, which was an alcoholic mixture of herbs with some gold flakes, was sold by medicine men travelling around Europe

Answer 33

aurum potabile

Question 34

19thcentury: ______ was reported to treat syphilis, whilst others used it to cure alcoholism

Answer 34

Na[AuCl4]

Question 35

Koch (1890): discovered the ?

Answer 35

antibacterial properties of gold cyanide

Question 36

a category of unrelated drugs that are used in RA to slow down the progression of the disease.

Answer 36

DMARDs aka Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs

Question 37

comprised of immune modulators, sulfasalazine and gold compounds among others, and they are used when the RA progresses from a mild to a more severe form.

Answer 37

DMARDs

Question 38

long known for their therapeutic effects in RA.

Answer 38

Gold salts

Question 39

clinically available as oral and intramuscular formulations.

Answer 39

Gold salts

Question 40

the treatment of certain diseases, especially RA, with gold compounds. Side effects can be quite severe and dose-limiting and include discoloration of skin, diarrhea, nausea, flushing, vomiting, metallic taste in mouth and even damage of the kidneys and liver.

Answer 40

Chrysotherapy

Question 41

The damage to the brain tissue occurs mainly at the

Answer 41

lenticularnucleus

Question 42

Name is derived from the Saxon word ‘_____’,

Answer 42

siloflur

Question 43

transformed into the German word ‘____’ followed by ‘____’

Answer 43

Silabar & Silber

Question 44

silver

Romans called the element ‘___’.

Answer 44

argentum

Question 45

gold alloyed with palladium?

Answer 45

White gold