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IOCH14B > Alkaline Earth Metals > Flashcards

Alkaline Earth Metals Flashcards

1
Q

Elements in Group 2?

A

beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba) and radium (Ra).

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2
Q

essential ions for the human body and any of their imbalances should be corrected.

A

Magnesium and calcium

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3
Q

used in radiotherapy

A

Strontium

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4
Q

chronic beryllium disease (CBD)

A

Exposure to excess beryllium

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5
Q

highly toxic. Barium meal is a well- used oral radio-contrast agent

A

Barium salts

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6
Q

Earth alkaline metals together with the alkali metals form the _________.

A

s-block metals

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7
Q

Earth alkaline metals have ________ in their outer shell which is an s-orbital type

A

two electrons

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8
Q

Characterized by the loss of both electrons and the subsequent formation of the ___________, which has a noble gas configuration.

A

stable cation M2+

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9
Q

___________ with high reactivity, but less soft and not as reactive as alkali metals.

A

silvery-white metals

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10
Q

Beryllium - occurs as beryl (Be3Al2[Si6O18]), which is also known as _________

A

aquamarine.

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11
Q

found in rock structures such as magnesite (MgCO3) and dolomite (MgCO3·CaCO3); the eighth most abundant element in the earth’s crust.

A

Magnesium

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12
Q

fifth most abundant element; can be found in minerals such as limestone (CaCO3) and its other forms (chalk and marble).

A

Calcium

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13
Q

is one of the lightest metals; used in high- speed aircrafts and missiles.

A

Beryllium

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14
Q

________is often seen in workers from within a beryllium- contaminated work environment.

A

Chronic Beryllium Disease

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15
Q

mostly found in limestone and its related forms (chalk, and marble and lime). Ca2+ ions are essential for living organisms

A

Calcium

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16
Q

is the only earth alkaline metal that is used on an industrial scale; used in ammunition (e.g. tracer bullets and incendiary bombs)

A

Magnesium

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17
Q

Magnesium alloyed with aluminum results in a _______ and ________, which is used for lightweight vehicles and airplanes.

A

low- density & strong material,

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18
Q

Magnesium - only group 2 element that is extracted on a large scale. main source: ________; extracted by adding calcium hydroxide.

A

seawater

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19
Q

is less soluble in water compared to the calcium compound.

A

Magnesium hydroxide

20
Q

can be subsequently electrolyzed in a Downs’ cell in order to produce the pure magnesium metal.

A

MgCl2

21
Q

T or F

chemical behavior is characterized by their strong reducing power; very easily form bivalent cations (M2+).

A

T

22
Q

T or F

The elements within group 2 become increasingly more electropositive on descending within the group.

A

T

23
Q

T or F

colored from gray (Be, Mg) to silver (Ca, Sr, Ba) and are soft.

A

T

24
Q

are passivated and therefore kinetically inert to oxygen or water

A

Beryllium and magnesium

25
Q
  • stored under oil because of its reactivity
A

Barium

26
Q
  • beryllium metal + oxygen atmosphere

- colorless and insoluble in water

A

BeO

27
Q

are known for magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium but not for beryllium. The radius of the beryllium cation (Be2+) is not sufficient to accommodate the peroxide anion.

A

Peroxides

28
Q

Beryllium reacts with aqueous alkali (NaOH) and forms beryllium hydroxide, which is an _______

A

amphoteric hydroxide

29
Q

T or F

Magnesium does react with aqueous alkali (NaOH).

A

F (Does not react)

30
Q

Mg(OH)2 and Ca(OH)2 – slightly soluble in water; resulting aqueous solutions are

A

mildly alkaline

31
Q

Earth alkaline halides (MCl2) are normally found in their______

A

hydrated form

32
Q

T or F

Anhydrous beryllium halides are noncovalent

A

F (covalent)

33
Q

T or F

MgCl2, MgBr2, MgI2 are hygroscopic

A

T

34
Q

are substances that absorb water from the surrounding air but do not become a liquid.

A

Hygroscopic compounds

35
Q
  • a silvery-white and lightweight metal.
  • protected by a thin oxide layer, which is very difficult to remove but at the same time removes the need to store it in an oxygen-free environment.
  • Reacts with water but much more slowly than Calcium.
A

Magnesium

36
Q

is a highly flammable metal, and once ignited it burns with a characteristic bright white flame.

A

Magnesium

37
Q

Mg- stable isotopes:

A

24Mg (79% occurrence), 25Mg and 26Mg

38
Q

T or F

28mg-is radioactive

A

T

39
Q

T or F

Most magnesium salts are soluble in water; does not work as a laxative in the human body

A

F (work as a laxative in the human body)

40
Q

limited solubility in water

A

Magnesium hydroxide (MgOH2)

41
Q

commonly used as an antacid; mild base.

A

milk of magnesia

42
Q

T or F

Mg2+ has a diagonal relationship to Li+

A

T

43
Q
  • atomic number 20

- soft gray alkaline earth metal.

A

Calcium

44
Q

-four stable isotopes of calcium

A

(40Ca and 42Ca–44Ca)

45
Q

also involved in the formation of ______and____, which act also as a reservoir for calcium ions.

A

bones and teeth

46
Q

T or F

A normal adult body contains ∼1000 g of calcium; around 99% are extracellular (stored in bones and teeth).

A

T

47
Q

serve as a dynamic store for Ca2+. The remaining 1% of Ca2+ can be found in the extracellular space, such as plasma, lymph and extracellular water.

A

Bones

IOCH14B (9 decks)

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