The Coastal Zone - [CASE STUDY] The Holderness Coastline Flashcards
Where is The Holderness Coastline?
In Yorkshire.
What happened to the hotel, what was it called, when did it happen, where did it happen and why did it happen?
The Holbeck Hall Hotel in Scarborough slumped down the cliff edge in 1993.
This was caused by the bad weather in June, which saturated the rock, causing it to slump down the cliff.
There was also weathering from the top and erosion (Hydraulic action and abrasion) from the bottom.
What is the rate of erosion?
7-10m per year.
3-4km further west than it was in Roman times.
Why is The Holderness Coastline eroding so fast?
Because of heavy hydraulic action and abrasion hitting the unconsolidated material and the fact that it receives heavy rainfall.
What are the problems with Coastal Erosion on the Holderness Coastline?
In Mappleton and Cayton Bay, houses by the sea close to falling off the cliff edge are being bulldozed.
Effect on people (Social and economic):
- People whose houses are bulldozed don’t get reimbursed.
- People have to move elsewhere.
- People have lost jobs and livelihoods.
- People are in financial difficultly.
Effect on the environment:
- Where flood defences were installed, erosion was faster to south.
What happened at Cayton Bay?
In April 2008, a landslide ocurred. Since, reports of landslide ocurred nearly daily. The movements resulted in three properties being demolished and others threatened.
The landslides were caused by water seeping through the clay cliffs.
The National Trust have claimed the land below the houses as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) but despite an initial outlay of £90,000, an engineered solution could not be found that would satisfy the technical, environmental and cost-effective criteria.
What happened at Mappleton?
In 1991, the decision was made to protect Mappleton.
The coastal management scheme cost £2 million and involved rock revetment, groynes and beach rebuildment.
What is being done at Spurn Head?
Nothing! Well, controlled retreat.
Spurn Head is a spit.
The road that leads to homes of lifeboat crew may be lost and Easington nearby has a gas terminal vital to the UK energy supply, which is under threat at the top of a cliff.
What is being done at Withernsea?
Sea wall, rip-rap and beach rebuildment defences have been put in place.
The advancing sea threatens the local economy.
What is being done at Hornsea?
Groynes have been installed as a sea defence.
The trapping of sand may cause beaches to narrow as LSD is prevented.
Advancing sea threatens local economy.
What are all of the places you should talk about called?
Yorkshire, Mappleton, Scarborough, Cayton Bay, Spurn Head, Withernsea, Hornsea.
