The circulatory system

Question 1

What are the components of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

• heart
• blood
• vessels
• arteries
• veins
• capillaries

Question 2

What is the circulatory system?

Answer 2

• transports nutrients, water, oxygen
• transports away wastes like carbon dioxide

Question 3

What are the two types of blood carried in the circulatory system?

Answer 3

Oxygen-rich blood
- travels to the cells
Oxygen-poor blood
- travels away from the cells

Question 4

Why are there two sections in the heart?

Answer 4

• right side for oxygen-poor blood
• left side for oxygen-rich blood

Question 5

What are the 3 heart coverings?

Answer 5

• pericardium (covers the heart / large blood vessels, filled with fluid)
• parietal pericardium (in between)
• visceral pericardium
  (innermost layer directly on the heart)

Question 6

What are the 3 different heart walls?

Answer 6

• epicardium (cushions heart)
• myocardium (primarily cardiac muscle, pumps blood)
• endocardium (thin and smooth)

Question 7

What is the myocardium?

Answer 7

• made of cardiac
  muscle
• pumps blood
• can conduct electricity

Question 8

What are the four chambers in the heart and what do they do?

Answer 8

Two Atria
- upper chambers
- collects blood entering the heart
Two Ventricles
- lower chambers
- pumps out blood

Question 9

What is the purpose of the tendons (chordae tendineae)?

Answer 9

Opens and closes the valves so blood from the ventricles won’t go back into the atria when pumping out the blood.

Question 10

What are the types of blood vessels?

Answer 10

• arteries (carries away blood from the heart)
• capillaries (exchange nutrients from blood to cells)
• veins (carries blood to the heart)

Question 11

What is blood pressure and the different types?

Answer 11

• the force of blood on the wall
• systolic number (pressure when the heart contracts)
• diastolic number (when the heart rests)