Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AQA GCSE Geography > The Challenge Of Natural Hazards - Weather > Flashcards

The Challenge Of Natural Hazards - Weather Flashcards

(51 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Weather

A

The state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time, including temperature, precipitation, humidity and wind speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Climate

A

the weather conditions prevailing an area in general or over a long period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Insolation

A

The amount of solar radiation reaching a given area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Insolation

A

The amount of solar radiation reaching a given area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Latitude

A

The angular distance of a place north or south of the earth’s equator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What factors affect a place’s climate?

A

Location - Latitude

Distance from sea

Insolation

Relief of Land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does global atmospheric circulation do

A

Determine patterns of weather and climate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

High Insolation occurs…

A

Low latitudes
Close to the equator
Rays are spread over smaller area and shorter distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Low Insolation occurs…

A

At the poles
Rays are spread over larger area and longer distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are convection currents in the atmosphere

A

Warm air rises because it is less dense

Cool air sinks because it is more dense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does air pressure vary in the atmosphere

A

Rising air creates low pressure

Sinking air creates high pressure

Particle move from high to low pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the order of cells in the global atmospheric circulation model

A

Polar cell
Ferrel Cell
Hadley Cell
Hadley Cell
Ferrel Cell
Polar Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does wind do

A

Transports heat energy

Prevents the equator getting continually hotter and the poles getting continually colder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the global circulation of wind caused by

A

Heating at the Equator

Cooling at the poles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does wind form

A

Air flows from high pressure to low pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Coriolis effect

A

The spinning of the earth causes wind to deflect movement

Southern Hemisphere - clockwise

Northern hemisphere - Anti-clockwise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tropical Storm

A

An area of low pressure with winds moving in a spiral around a calm central area, called the eye of the storm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where are tropical storms found?

A

Areas of Low Latitude

5-30 degrees North and SOuth of the equator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hurricanes

A

Atlantic Ocean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cyclones

A

Indian Ocean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Typhoons

Study These Flashcards
A

Pacific Ocean

22
Q

What are the characteristics of a tropical storm

Study These Flashcards
A

Direction of spin

Eye of Storm

Ring of clouds

23
Q

How can we categorise tropical storms

Study These Flashcards
A

Safire Simpson Scale

24
Q

What are the conditions for Tropical storms

Study These Flashcards
A

Sea temperature above 27* - Provides heat and moisture so air can rise

Low wind shear - constant and no vary in height of winds = clouds rise without being torn apart

30 degrees north and south of equator - Coriolis effect is strong enough for storm to spin

25
What is the formation of a tropical storm
1. Warm air rises rapidly from the heat of the tropical oceans 2. Strong winds form as rising air draws up air and moisture 3. Rising air spins a calm eye of storm due to coriolis effect 4. Rising air cools and condenses - forming large clouds and rainfall 5. Heat is given odd as it cools - which powers the tropical storm 6. Cold air sinks in the eye - clear, dry, calm 7. Storm travels across ocean with the prevailing wind 8. Storm reaches land and dissipates (Not enough evaporation or heat to power the storm)
26
How does climate change affect the distribution of tropical storms
Ocean temperatures increase So More storms occur on a larger scale
27
How does climate change affect the Intensity of tropical storms
Temperature has increased So more energy generated for stronger more intense storms
28
How does climate change affect the frequency of tropical storms
Increase temperature There is more energy to fuel tropical storms An increase in number of storms
29
Categories of Saffire Simpson scale (1-5)
1 - Damage to vegetation 2 - Damage to roofs, doors and windows 3 - Structural damage to buildings, storm surge 4 - Structural failure to buildings, extreme storm surge damage, flooding 5 - Catastrophic storm surge
30
Named example of a tropical storm
Typhoon Haiyan
31
Location of Typhoon Haiyan
South-East Asia Travelled East-West across the Philippines Travelled North-West out of Philippines West Asia - 3 of Saffire Simpson scale
32
Time of Typhoon Haiyan
November 2013 7th November it reached land - 5 on saffire Simpson scale
33
Facts about the Philippines that show vulnerability
Densely populated Population is distributed largely on the coast Landslides disaster risk is high Widespread poverty
34
Primary effects of Typhoon Haiyan
STORM SURGE 6,300 people killed - most drowned in storm surge 30,000 fishing boats destroyed Buildings, power lines, crops destroyed
35
Secondary effects of Typhoon Haiyan
Flooding caused landslides - blocked roads and cut off air to remote communities Transport services disrupted Shortages of food/water/shelter - outbreaks of disease 1/3 of survivors homeless
36
Immediate responses to Typhoon Haiyan
Over 1200 evacuation centres set up Government responded with food aid, water and temporary shelters
37
Long term responses to Typhoon Haiyan
Rebuilding of roads, bridges and airport facilities Aid agencies supported the replacement of fishing boats - main source of income Cyclone shelters built to accommodate evacuated people
38
What affects the effectiveness of responses
Wealth Population Access to Resources
39
Monitoring and prediction
Tracking the course of a tropical storm using improved technology, allowing scientists to determine what course the storm is taking
40
Planning
Raising community awareness to reduce the effects of tropical storms
41
Protection
Designing building that will withstand tropical storms
42
Extreme Weather
When a weather event is significantly different from the average or usual weather pattern, and is especially severe or unseasonal
43
Weather Hazards experienced in the UK
Drought Heavy rain Heatwaves Extreme cold weather Thunderstorms High winds
44
Example of extreme weather events in the UK
Beast from the East
45
Location and Time of Beast from the East
February 2018 UK - leaving virtually no countries untouched
46
Characteristics of the Beast from the East
Syberian blast of snow Extremely cold temperature Strong winds
47
Cause of the Beast from the East
Northern Polar jet stream twisted direction and drew in air to the Uk from the east
48
What caused the bending of the Northern polar Jet stream
Increase in temperature of teh artic Reversed the UK’s westerly winds to easterly Air was picked up as moisture over the North Sea - huge amounts of snow to the UK
49
Primary effects of the Beast from the East
Gusts of 60-70 mph wind - Northern England and Wales Rural areas = -12 degrees Celsius Snow drifts were as high as 7m in places
50
Secondary effects of the Beast from the East
Some hospitals cancelled outpatient appointments Thousands of schools were closed Estimated 8,260 collisions in 3 days - insurance cost above 10 million
51
Responses to the Beast from the East
Red weather warning issued - advised to stay indoors Councils sent out gritters and snow ploughs to clear the roads Army and Royal Air Force personnel were called to transport key workers to work

AQA GCSE Geography (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions