The Cell

Question 1

Cell membrane

Answer 1

Protects and selectively allows water and other substances in and out of the
Many diseases alter membrane’s permeability

Question 2

Cell nucleus

Answer 2

Contains DNA, genetic blueprint for cellular reproduction

Question 3

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

Synthesizes proteins

Question 4

Mitochondria

Answer 4

Produces energy - glucose to ATP (essential process of metabolism)

Question 5

ATP

Answer 5

Powers all cellular functions

Question 6

Electrolytes

Answer 6

When dissolved in water will separate into charged particles
Movement of particles enable electrical functions of cells
Potassium, sodium, magnesium, etc

Question 7

Insulin

Answer 7

Most of body cells require insulin to help move glucose from blood into cell

Question 8

Metabolism also

Answer 8

Produces heat and regulates body temperature, all cellular metabolism produces waste such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions
Aerobic yields 16 times more energy

Question 9

Anaerobic metabolism

Answer 9

Shifts energy to removing waste
Increases respiratory rate to rid carbon dioxide
Acid in body converted to CO2 & water
High levels of acid (acidotic) means less oxygen in blood
Causes Downward spiral

Question 10

Oxygen path for metabolism

Answer 10

Supplied by respiratory system & carried to cells by cardiovascular
Inhaled air reached alveoli, blood reaches capillaries
Oxygen loaded onto hemoglobin in blood for transport
CO2 follows reverse path, removal of CO2 regulates acid levels