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A&P II > The Brain Week 3 > Flashcards

The Brain Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The three main structures of the brain:

A
  1. cortex/cerebrum
  2. brainstem
  3. cerebellum
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2
Q

2 gross division of the forebrain:

A
  1. telencephalon (cortex)

2. Diencephalon (Deep structures)

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3
Q

Midbrain division:

A

Mesencephalon

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4
Q

2 hindbrain (brainstem) divisions:

A
  1. Myelencephalon (medulla)

2. Metencephalon (pons/cerebellum)

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5
Q

Telencephalon (cerebral cortex) consist of what thing divisons

A

Gray matter and white matter

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6
Q

What does gray matter consist of?

A

neuronal cell bodies (lines exterior)

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7
Q

What does white matter consist of?

A

axons (attach gray matter regions)

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8
Q

Reasoning, planning, speech, movement, emotions, problem solving

A

Frontal lobe

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9
Q

Sensation, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli

A

Parietal lobe

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10
Q

Vision

A

Occipital lobe

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11
Q

Audition, memory, speech

A

Temporal lobe

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12
Q

Name what side of the brain: right hand control

A

left

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13
Q

Name what side of the brain: Spoken language

A

Left

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14
Q

Name what side of the brain: mathematical skills

A

left

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15
Q

Name what side of the brain: written language

A

left

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16
Q

Name what side of the brain: scientific skills

A

left

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17
Q

Name what side of the brain: logical reasoning

A

left

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18
Q

Name what side of the brain: left hand control

A

right

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19
Q

Name what side of the brain: music awareness

A

right

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20
Q

Name what side of the brain: three dimensional forms

A

right

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21
Q

Name what side of the brain: art awareness

A

right

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22
Q

Name what side of the brain: insight

A

right

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23
Q

Name what side of the brain: imagination

A

right

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24
Q

Speech production?

A

Broca’s area

25
Q

Word recognition?

A

Wernicke’s area

26
Q

a loss of connection in between 2 areas

A

conduction aphasia

27
Q

wipes out alot of memories

A

global aphasia

28
Q

Associated with language damage

A

Transcortical aphasia

29
Q

What connects the two hemispheres?

A

white matter

-corpus callosum and anterior commissure

30
Q

why would a split brain operation be performed?

A

epilepsy/seizures

31
Q

Fibers that are within the hemisphere

A

Assoication fibers

32
Q

Fibers that are located between hemispheres

A

Commissural fibers

33
Q

Fibers that go from the cerebral cortex to or lower area

A

Projection fibers

34
Q

White matter pathway and forms internal capsule

A

Corona Radiata

35
Q

Carries tracts to/from cortex

  • Ascending (sensory)
  • Descending (motor)
A

Corona Radiata

36
Q

What is the order of the basal ganglia?

A
  • cortex
  • caudate and putamen (modulary inputs)
  • relay nuclei
  • thalamus
  • repeat
37
Q

What is part of the Striatum of the Basal Ganglia

A
  • Caudate

- Putamen

38
Q

What is part of the Lentiform of the Basal Ganglia

A

Globus Pallidus and Putamen

39
Q

Major function of the Basal Ganglia within the Telencephalon?

A

initiation of smooth movement

40
Q

Diminished initiation and slowed execution

A

Basal Ganglia disorder: HYPOKINETIC

-Parkinsons Disease

41
Q

Increased, involuntary movements

A

Basal Ganglia disorder: HYPERKINETIC

-Huntingtons disease (chorea)

42
Q

Learning and memory formation;

A

hippocampus (telencephalon)

“Seahorse”

43
Q

area of adult stemm cell generation

A

hippocampus (telencephalon)

“seahorse”

44
Q

Emotional response, fear & aggression

A

Amygdala (telencephalon)

“almond”

45
Q

Large, centrally located, grouping of nuclei

A

Thalamus (Diencephalon)

46
Q

Central relay station for most sensory information, consciousness and arousal

A

Thalamus (Diencephalon)

47
Q

Arousal and motivation

A

Lateral Hypothalamus (Diencephalon)

48
Q

Homeostasis and reproduction

A

Ventromedial Hypothalamus (Diencephalon)

49
Q

Autonomic nervous system function

A

Periventricular zone Hypothalamus (Diencephalon)

50
Q

Located on dorsal half of midbrain

A

Tectum

51
Q

Function in midbrain: Orientation

A

Tectum (midbrain)

52
Q

Located on ventral half of midbrain

A

Tegmentum

53
Q

Function in midbrain: Movement and arousal

A

Tegmentum

54
Q

This is considered the “bridge” in the metencephalon

A

Pons

55
Q

This is considered the “little brain” in the metencephalon

A

cerebellum

56
Q
  • Movement and coordination
  • sensation
  • cognition
  • memory
A

Cerebellum

57
Q

Regulates sleep, wakefulness and levels of arousal in the myelencephalon?

A

Reticular formation in the medulla

58
Q

Wakefulness: High
SWS: Low
REM: Very Low

A

Serotonin and Norepinephrine

59
Q

Wakefulness: High
SWS: Low
REM: High

A

Acetylcholine

A&P II (12 decks)

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