Lab 1: Overview of the Nervous and Skeletal Systems Flashcards
System of interconnecting canal in the microscopic structure of adult compact bone; unit of bone
Osteon; Haversian System
Extremely small tubular passage
Canilliculi
Bone forming cells
osteoblast
large cells that reabsorbed or breakdown bone matrix
osteoclast
internal layer of skeletal bone; cancellous bone
spongy bone
sharp, slender process
spine
small rounded projection
tubercle
narrow ridge of bone
crest
large rounded projection
tuberosity
structure supported on neck
head
armlike projection
ramus
rounded, articular projection
condyle
narrow opening
fissure
canal-like structure
meatus
round or oval opening through a bone
foramen
shallow depression
fossa
air-filled cavity
sinus
large, irregularly shaped projection
trochanter
raised area on or above a condyle
epicondyle
projection or prominence
process
smooth, nearly flat articular surface
facet
cell of nervous system specialized to generate and transmit electrical signals
neuron
a type of CNS supporting cell that composes myelin sheaths
oligodendrocyte
a type of CNS supporting cell; assists in exchanges between blood capillaries and neurons
astrocyte
gray area of the central nervous system; contains neuronal cell bodies and their dendrites
Gray (grey) matter
white substance of the central nervous system; myelinated nerve fibers
white matter
collection of nerve cell bodies
ganglion
brain and spinal cord
central nervous system
portion of nervous system consisting of nervous and ganglia that lie outside of the brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system
efferent division of the peripheral nervous system that innervates cardiac and smooth muscles and glands; also called the involuntary or visceral motor system
autonomic nervous system
a large transient depolarization event including polarity reversal. that is conducted along the membrane of a muscle cell or a nerve fiber
action potential
a bundle of axon in the peripheral nervous system
nerve
carrying away or away from, especially a nerve fiber that carries impulses away from the central nervous system
efferent
carrying to or toward a center
afferent
pertaining to an internal organ of the body or the inner part of the structure
visceral
biosynthetic center of the neuron and its receptive region
cell body
receptive regions that bear receptors for neurotransmitters released by axon terminal
dendrites
special support cells
schwann cells
impulse generating and conduction region
axon
form synapses with neurons or effector cells
axon terminals
