Autonomic Nervous System II Week 4 Flashcards
Sympathetic Trunk =
Sympathetic Chain Ganglia
basal ganglia are not located where?
PNS
Collateral Ganglia are not located where?
near the ganglia
3 ways a neuron can synapse:
- at the same level
- you can synapse up or down a level
- axon follows the same pathways by bypasses ganglia all together and to a collateral ganglion which makes it a splanchnic nerve
comes from the CNS comes out through the ventral root bc its motor, goes through white communicans, synapses and sends message out through gray communicans
synapse at same level
sends information leaving the ganglia
gray communicans
follow the same pathway as before but you go up a level to an above ganglion and synapses above a level and axon extends further
synapse up a level
Why is it referred to as a spinal nerve
contains both white and gray rami
sensory alwasy comes in to dorsal/motor and always leaves ventral; one neuron in one out
Somatic reflex arc
sensory comes in from a single neuron dorsal root (Visceral sensory, broad) and synapses in horn and then 2 neurons send info out; one neuron in and two out
Autonomic Reflex arc
ACh is always the _________-
neurotransmitter
Cholingic is always the _________
receptor
binding that imitates ACh, gives us an effect that seems similar to an ACh
Muscarine receptors
what binds to muscarine receptors?
muscarine and ACh bind okay but nicotine does NOT
Two types of Cholinergic Receptors
Muscarinic and Nicotinic receptors
two main classes of Adrenergic receptors
alpha and beta
excitatory/stimulatory effects; increase in sympathetic nervous system
A1
Inhibitory effects; opposes A1
A2
excitatory and most prominent in cardiac muscle
B1
inhibitory of B1
B2
Cerebral input modifies ____ _______
ANS subconsciously
What is the most direct influence in the central control of ANS
reticular formation
Dysautonomia=
disorders of the ANS
can occur alone or part of another disease
disorders of the ANS
- diabetes
- parkinsons
3 examples of deficiences in control of smooth muscle activity
hypertension
raynauds disease
autonomic dysreflexia
Homeostatic imbalance of ANS
hypertension
Overactive sympathetic vasoconstriction
hypertension
forces heart to work harder
hypertension
treatment of hypertension
adrenergic receptor blocking drugs
what do adrenergic receptors do?
block receptor binding of norepinephrine
spinal cord injury at T6 or higher
autonomic dysreflexia
stimuli that creates pain that does stop; clothes, pressure areas, full bladder
autonomic dysreflexia
constriction of blood vessels and provoked by temp change or stress
raynauds disease
vasodilators are used to treat this condition
raynauds disease
excessive sympathetic stimulation to arterioles in the digits
raynauds disease