The Brain, Spinal Cord (Test 2)

Question 1

Diencephalon

Answer 1

Thalamus, Hypothalamus and epithalamus

enclose third Ventricle

Question 2

Thalamus

Answer 2

Makes up 80% of diencephalon
Contains several nuclei
Nuclei project and receive fibers form the cerebral cortex

Question 3

Thalamic function

Answer 3

Gateway to the cerebral cortex
Sorts, edits and relays information
Mediates sensation, motor activities, learning and memory

Question 4

Hypothalamic function

Answer 4

Autonomic control center for many visceral functions (vital signs, digestion)
Center for emotional response (pleasure, fear and rage)
Regulates temperature, food intake, water balance and thirst
Sleep and sleep cycle
Produces and controls release of pituitary hormones

Question 5

PIneal Gland

Answer 5

Extends from epithalamus. Secretes melatonin which regulates sleep wake cycles.

Question 6

Brain stem regions

Answer 6

Midbrain, Pons and Medulla Oblongata

Question 7

Brain stem functions

Answer 7

Controls autonomic behaviors necessary for survival. Associated with 10 of 12 cranial nerves

Question 8

The Cerebellum

Answer 8

11% of brain mass. Ipsilateral
Subconsciously provides precise timing of skeletal muscle contraction
Sends “blueprint” to the motor cortex to coordinate movement.
Proprioception - body position

Question 9

Anatomy of cerebellum

Answer 9

Two hemispheres connected by vermis
Arbor vitae - treelike pattern of white matter
Cerebral peduncles connect to brainstem

Question 10

Functional Brain Systems

Answer 10

Networks of neurons that work together and span wide areas of the brain. Limbic system, Reticular formation