The Black Death Flashcards
1
Q
Yersinia
- Gram?
- Shape?
A
- Gram Negative
- Rod shape
2
Q
Plague of Justinian
- what pathogen?
- where?
A
- Yersinia pestis
- Mediterranean, through Europe
3
Q
The Black Death
- what pathogen?
- where?
- treatment?
- destroyed + created?
A
- Yersinia pestis
- Asia –> Europe
- No treatment = panic
- destroyed social order
- created vacancies move up social ladder
4
Q
Mid-19th Century
- where?
- how transmitted?
A
- China –> all continents
- infected rats
5
Q
Where does Y.pestis live? How transmitted?
A
Live in rodents
Transmitted by fleas
6
Q
Pathogenesis of Y.Pestis
- Formation of ___
A
Biofilms
7
Q
Pathogenesis of Y.Pestis
- initially survives, grows in ______
- replicates in _____
- swelling —> ____
- kills ______
- grows _______
A
- innate immune cells
- lymph nodes
- BUBOES
- phagocytes
- extracellularly
8
Q
Virulence Factors (5)
A
1) Type 3 Secretion System
2) Phospholipase (survive in flea)
3) Plasminogen Activator (bacteria spread)
4) Yersiniabactin (iron comes to bacteria)
5) LPS structure mutated (not recognized)
9
Q
Type 3 Secretion Systems
- Gram ___?
- secrete virulence factors ____?
- poison targets host cell ___?
A
- Gram NEGATIVE pathogens
- directly into host cells
- signaling pathways
10
Q
Y.Pestis evolved from ____
- acquired new ____
- LPS molecule ____
A
Y.pseudotuberculosis
- virulence plasmids
- weakly recognized (mutation in Lipid A modifying enzyme)
11
Q
3 Plagues
A
1) Bubonic Plague
2) Septicemic Plague
3) Pneumonic Plague
12
Q
Bubonic Plague
- transmission?
- symptom?
- untreated mortality?
A
- fleas
- painfully swollen lymph nodes
- 40-60%
13
Q
Septicemic Plague
- where in body?
- transmission?
- symptom?
- untreated mortality ?
A
- Y.pestis in blood
- fleas
- gangrene
- 50-90%
14
Q
Pneumonic Plague
- transmission?
- incubation?
- untreated mortality?
A
- aerosols (person-person)
- short incubation
- 95-100%
15
Q
Bioterrorism
- Category __? 3 Characteristics?
A
- Category A
- easily transmitted person-person
- high mortality rates
- public panic
