Intro Flashcards

1
Q

3 Domains of Life

A

1) Bacteria
2) Archea
3) Eukaryote

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2
Q

4 Phases of Bacterial Growth

A

1) Lag
2) Log Growth
3) Stationary
4) Death

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3
Q

Reproduce by ______

A

Binary fission

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4
Q

Shape Classification

A
  • Coccus
  • Rod
  • Spirillum
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5
Q

O2 Utilization

- Need O2

A

Obligate Aerobe

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6
Q

O2 Utilization

- O2 Toxic

A

Obligate Anaerobe

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7
Q

O2 Utilization

- Use O2 (not need)

A

Facultative Anaerobe

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8
Q

O2 Utilization

- Not use O2 (not toxic)

A

Aerotolerant Anaerobe

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9
Q

O2 Utilization

- Low O2

A

Microaerophile

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10
Q

Gram Positive = colour during gram stain?

A

Purple

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11
Q

Gram Negative = colour during gram stain?

A

Pink

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12
Q

Commensalism

A

one benefits, no effect to other

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13
Q

Mutualism

A

both benefits

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14
Q

Parasitism

A

one benefits at expense of other

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15
Q

Bacterial Cell Wall

  • made of?
  • prevents ___?
A
  • peptidoglycan

- prevents osmosis

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16
Q

Lipopolysaccharide

  • 3 components
  • Gram ___?
  • Target for ___?
A
  • O antigen
  • Core
  • Lipid A
  • Gram Negative
  • Innate Immune System
17
Q

Nucleoid

  • Not _____
  • _____, _____, chromosome
  • ____ genomes
A
  • Not nucleus
  • single, circular, chromosome
  • haploid genomes
18
Q

Plasmids

  • required for bacterial growth?
  • encode for _____
  • transmits between?
A
  • NOT
  • fitness factors
  • bacteria –> bacteria
19
Q

4 Pathogen Success

A

1) Colonization
2) Invasion/Toxicity
3) Immune Evasion
4) Transmission

20
Q

Virulence Factors

- Surface (5)

A
  • LPS (endotoxin)
  • Flagella
  • Pili
  • Capsules
  • Secretion System
21
Q

Flagella

  • purpose?
  • how?
A
  • motility
  • through chemotaxis
    (CCW = run)
    (CW = tumble)
22
Q

Pili

- attach to?

A
  • surfaces
  • host tissues
  • other bacteria
23
Q

Capsules

  • made of ____?
  • attach to ____?
  • protect from ____?
A
  • polysaccharides
  • host tissues
  • host immune systems
24
Q

Biofilm Stages (4)

A

1) Attach
2) Microcolony
3) Biofilm Development
4) Maturation

25
Q

Endospores

A

highly differentiated cells formed within parent cell

26
Q

Exotoxins (4)

A

1) hemolysins
2) toxins function inside host cells
3) extracellular enzymes
4) superantigens