Intro Flashcards
3 Domains of Life
1) Bacteria
2) Archea
3) Eukaryote
4 Phases of Bacterial Growth
1) Lag
2) Log Growth
3) Stationary
4) Death
Reproduce by ______
Binary fission
Shape Classification
- Coccus
- Rod
- Spirillum
O2 Utilization
- Need O2
Obligate Aerobe
O2 Utilization
- O2 Toxic
Obligate Anaerobe
O2 Utilization
- Use O2 (not need)
Facultative Anaerobe
O2 Utilization
- Not use O2 (not toxic)
Aerotolerant Anaerobe
O2 Utilization
- Low O2
Microaerophile
Gram Positive = colour during gram stain?
Purple
Gram Negative = colour during gram stain?
Pink
Commensalism
one benefits, no effect to other
Mutualism
both benefits
Parasitism
one benefits at expense of other
Bacterial Cell Wall
- made of?
- prevents ___?
- peptidoglycan
- prevents osmosis
Lipopolysaccharide
- 3 components
- Gram ___?
- Target for ___?
- O antigen
- Core
- Lipid A
- Gram Negative
- Innate Immune System
Nucleoid
- Not _____
- _____, _____, chromosome
- ____ genomes
- Not nucleus
- single, circular, chromosome
- haploid genomes
Plasmids
- required for bacterial growth?
- encode for _____
- transmits between?
- NOT
- fitness factors
- bacteria –> bacteria
4 Pathogen Success
1) Colonization
2) Invasion/Toxicity
3) Immune Evasion
4) Transmission
Virulence Factors
- Surface (5)
- LPS (endotoxin)
- Flagella
- Pili
- Capsules
- Secretion System
Flagella
- purpose?
- how?
- motility
- through chemotaxis
(CCW = run)
(CW = tumble)
Pili
- attach to?
- surfaces
- host tissues
- other bacteria
Capsules
- made of ____?
- attach to ____?
- protect from ____?
- polysaccharides
- host tissues
- host immune systems
Biofilm Stages (4)
1) Attach
2) Microcolony
3) Biofilm Development
4) Maturation
Endospores
highly differentiated cells formed within parent cell
Exotoxins (4)
1) hemolysins
2) toxins function inside host cells
3) extracellular enzymes
4) superantigens
